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Test-time scaling (TTS) for large language models (LLMs) has thus far fallen into two largely separate paradigms: (1) reinforcement learning (RL) methods that optimize sparse outcome-based rewards, yet suffer from instability and low sample…

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has recently enhanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), particularly for mathematical problem solving. However, a fundamental limitation remains: as the…

Recently, Agentic Reinforcement Learning (Agentic RL) has made significant progress in incentivizing the multi-turn, long-horizon tool-use capabilities of web agents. While mainstream agentic RL algorithms autonomously explore…

Robotic grasping is a crucial area of research as it can result in the acceleration of the automation of several Industries utilizing robots ranging from manufacturing to healthcare. Reinforcement learning is the field of study where an…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted increasing interest for adaptive traffic signal control due to its model-free ability to learn control policies directly from interaction with the traffic environment. However, several challenges…

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards has recently advanced the capabilities of Large Language Models in complex reasoning tasks by providing explicit rule-based supervision. Among RLVR methods, GRPO and its variants have achieved…

Reinforcement learning (RL) shows promise for enhancing LLM agentic reasoning, yet sparse terminal rewards hinder fine-grained optimization. Process reward modeling offers an alternative but incurs high computational costs, reward hacking…

Reinforcement learning algorithms often suffer from slow convergence due to sparse reward signals, particularly in complex environments where feedback is delayed or infrequent. This paper introduces the Psychological Regret Model (PRM), a…

In traffic signal control, flow-based (optimizing the overall flow) and pressure-based methods (equalizing and alleviating congestion) are commonly used but often considered separately. This study introduces a unified framework using…

This article proposes a novel approach to traffic signal control that combines phase re-service with reinforcement learning (RL). The RL agent directly determines the duration of the next phase in a pre-defined sequence. Before the RL…

Adaptive test-time compute for LLM agents aims to invoke extra computation only when it improves performance. Existing methods typically use confidence-, uncertainty-, or difficulty-based gates, assuming a fixed direction from the gating…

This paper proposes model-free imitation learning named Entropy-Regularized Imitation Learning (ERIL) that minimizes the reverse Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. ERIL combines forward and inverse reinforcement learning (RL) under the…

Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) circumvents the need for reward engineering by harnessing human preferences as the reward signal. However, current PbRL methods excessively depend on high-quality feedback from domain experts,…

Autonomous Machine Learning Engineering (MLE) requires agents to perform sustained, iterative optimization over long horizons. While recent LLM-based agents show promise, current prompt-based agents for MLE suffer from behavioral stagnation…

A significant hurdle for current LLMs is the execution of complex, multi-stage tasks. Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has been emerging as a leading choice, but its reliance on sparse outcome rewards severely limits credit…

Two common approaches to sequential decision-making are AI planning (AIP) and reinforcement learning (RL). Each has strengths and weaknesses. AIP is interpretable, easy to integrate with symbolic knowledge, and often efficient, but requires…

Test-time compute scaling allocates inference computation uniformly, uses fixed sampling strategies, and applies verification only for reranking. In contrast, we propose a verifier-guided adaptive framework treating reasoning as iterative…

In this paper, we investigate the problem of offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) with human feedback where feedback is available in the form of preference between trajectory pairs rather than explicit rewards. Our…

Published transfer-BO comparisons often estimate an average treatment effect of acquisition choice over hidden regime variables, while practitioners need the conditional effect for their specific prior quality, budget ratio, and metric. An…

Traditional trajectory planning methods for autonomous vehicles have several limitations. For example, heuristic and explicit simple rules limit generalizability and hinder complex motions. These limitations can be addressed using…