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Large language models (LLMs) often incorporate multiple text chunks in their inputs to provide the necessary contexts. To speed up the prefill of the long LLM inputs, one can pre-compute the KV cache of a text and re-use the KV cache when…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-07 Jiayi Yao , Hanchen Li , Yuhan Liu , Siddhant Ray , Yihua Cheng , Qizheng Zhang , Kuntai Du , Shan Lu , Junchen Jiang

The efficiency of large vision-language models (LVLMs) is constrained by the computational bottleneck of the attention mechanism during the prefill phase and the memory bottleneck of fetching the key-value (KV) cache in the decoding phase,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Yefei He , Feng Chen , Jing Liu , Wenqi Shao , Hong Zhou , Kaipeng Zhang , Bohan Zhuang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in long-context tasks such as reasoning, code generation, and multi-turn dialogue. However, inference over extended contexts is bottlenecked by the Key-Value (KV) cache, whose memory…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Seonghwan Choi , Beomseok Kang , Dongwon Jo , Jae-Joon Kim

Active learning is designed to minimize annotation efforts by prioritizing instances that most enhance learning. However, many active learning strategies struggle with a `cold-start' problem, needing substantial initial data to be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Markus Bayer , Justin Lutz , Christian Reuter

The quadratic computational complexity of the standard attention mechanism constitutes a fundamental bottleneck for large language models in long-context inference. While existing KV cache compression methods alleviate memory pressure, they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Jinyu Guo , Zhihan Zhang , Jiehui Xie , Md. Tamim Iqbal , Dongshen Han , Lik-Hang Lee , Sung-Ho Bae , Jie Zou , Yang Yang , Chaoning Zhang

Key-Value (KV) cache plays a crucial role in accelerating inference in large language models (LLMs) by storing intermediate attention states and avoiding redundant computation during autoregressive generation. However, its memory footprint…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yuzhen Mao , Qitong Wang , Martin Ester , Ke Li

The emergence of long-context large language models (LLMs) has enabled the use of hundreds, or even thousands, of demonstrations for in-context learning (ICL) - a previously impractical regime. This paper investigates whether traditional…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Arjun R. Akula , Kazuma Hashimoto , Krishna Srinivasan , Aditi Chaudhary , Karthik Raman , Michael Bendersky

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can theoretically support extensive context windows, their actual deployment is constrained by the linear growth of Key-Value (KV) cache memory. Prevailing compression strategies mitigate this through…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Aryan Sood , Tanvi Sharma , Vansh Agrawal

Multi model inference has recently emerged as a prominent paradigm, particularly in the development of agentic AI systems. However, in such scenarios, each model must maintain its own Key-Value (KV) cache for the identical prompt, leading…

Attention-based architectures trained on internet-scale language data have demonstrated state of the art reasoning ability for various language-based tasks, such as logic problems and textual reasoning. Additionally, these Large Language…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Mark Van der Merwe , Devesh Jha

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is an important task with broad applications, while few-shot HTC has gained increasing interest recently. While in-context learning (ICL) with large language models (LLMs) has achieved significant…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Huiyao Chen , Yu Zhao , Zulong Chen , Mengjia Wang , Liangyue Li , Meishan Zhang , Min Zhang

We uncover an ever-overlooked deficiency in the prevailing Few-Shot Learning (FSL) methods: the pre-trained knowledge is indeed a confounder that limits the performance. This finding is rooted from our causal assumption: a Structural Causal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-07 Zhongqi Yue , Hanwang Zhang , Qianru Sun , Xian-Sheng Hua

In-Context Learning (ICL) allows Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks with just a few examples, but their predictions often suffer from systematic biases, leading to unstable performance in classification. While calibration…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-03-05 Korel Gundem , Juncheng Dong , Dennis Zhang , Vahid Tarokh , Zhengling Qi

The remarkable ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to understand and follow instructions has sometimes been limited by their in-context learning (ICL) performance in low-resource languages. To address this, we introduce a novel approach…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-06 Xiaoqian Li , Ercong Nie , Sheng Liang

Interacting with humans through multi-turn conversations is a fundamental feature of large language models (LLMs). However, existing LLM serving engines executing multi-turn conversations are inefficient due to the need to repeatedly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Bin Gao , Zhuomin He , Puru Sharma , Qingxuan Kang , Djordje Jevdjic , Junbo Deng , Xingkun Yang , Zhou Yu , Pengfei Zuo

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) in real-world applications presents significant challenges, particularly in balancing computational efficiency with model performance. Optimizing acceleration after fine-tuning and during inference is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Sajjad Kachuee , Mohammad Sharifkhani

While Deep Learning (DL) technologies are a promising tool to solve networking problems that map to classification tasks, their computational complexity is still too high with respect to real-time traffic measurements requirements. To…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-10-04 Alessandro Finamore , James Roberts , Massimo Gallo , Dario Rossi

In-Context Reinforcement Learning (ICRL) has enabled foundation agents to adapt instantaneously to novel tasks, yet its efficacy in Ad-Hoc Teamwork (AHT)-where coordination with unknown partners is required-remains unexplored. To rigorously…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yuheng Jing , Kai Li , Ziwen Zhang , Jiajun Zhang , Zeyao Ma , Jiaxi Yang , Lei Zhang , Zhe Wu , Jinmin He , Junliang Xing , Jian Cheng

In-Context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a pivotal capability of auto-regressive large language models, yet it is hindered by a notable sensitivity to the ordering of context examples regardless of their mutual independence. To address this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Lizhe Fang , Yifei Wang , Khashayar Gatmiry , Lei Fang , Yisen Wang

Object-centric learning (OCL) extracts the representation of objects with slots, offering an exceptional blend of flexibility and interpretability for abstracting low-level perceptual features. A widely adopted method within OCL is slot…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Ke Fan , Zechen Bai , Tianjun Xiao , Tong He , Max Horn , Yanwei Fu , Francesco Locatello , Zheng Zhang