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Planning for both immediate and long-term benefits becomes increasingly important in recommendation. Existing methods apply Reinforcement Learning (RL) to learn planning capacity by maximizing cumulative reward for long-term recommendation.…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-04-29 Wentao Shi , Xiangnan He , Yang Zhang , Chongming Gao , Xinyue Li , Jizhi Zhang , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

Post-training has become essential for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex downstream behaviors, including instruction following, preference alignment, and multi-step reasoning. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Chengqian Zhang , Wei Zhu , Kyumin Lee

Simultaneous speech translation (SST) generates translations while receiving partial speech input. Recent advances show that large language models (LLMs) can substantially improve SST quality, but at the cost of high computational overhead.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Siqi Ouyang , Shuoyang Ding , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Brian Yan , Boris Ginsburg , Lei Li

Large language models (LLMs) are primarily designed to understand unstructured text. When directly applied to structured formats such as tabular data, they may struggle to discern inherent relationships and overlook critical patterns. While…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Natraj Raman , Sumitra Ganesh , Manuela Veloso

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven progress in reasoning tasks -- from program synthesis to scientific hypothesis generation -- yet their ability to handle ranked preferences and structured algorithms in combinatorial…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Hadi Hosseini , Samarth Khanna , Ronak Singh

Hierarchical Instruction Following (HIF) refers to the problem of prompting large language models with a priority-ordered stack of instructions. Standard methods like RLHF and DPO typically fail in this problem since they mainly optimize…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Keru Chen , Jun Luo , Sen Lin , Yingbin Liang , Alvaro Velasquez , Nathaniel Bastian , Shaofeng Zou

Hierarchical model-based reinforcement learning (HMBRL) aims to combine the benefits of better sample efficiency of model based reinforcement learning (MBRL) with the abstraction capability of hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Robin Schiewer , Anand Subramoney , Laurenz Wiskott

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed with hierarchical instruction schemes, where certain instructions (e.g., system-level directives) are expected to take precedence over others (e.g., user messages). Yet, we lack a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Yilin Geng , Haonan Li , Honglin Mu , Xudong Han , Timothy Baldwin , Omri Abend , Eduard Hovy , Lea Frermann

In recent years, robots and autonomous systems have become increasingly integral to our daily lives, offering solutions to complex problems across various domains. Their application in search and rescue (SAR) operations, however, presents…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Dimitrios Panagopoulos , Adolfo Perrusquia , Weisi Guo

Developing professional, structured reasoning on par with human financial analysts and traders remains a central challenge in AI for finance, where markets demand interpretability and trust. Traditional time-series models lack…

交易与市场微观结构 · 定量金融 2025-09-16 Yijia Xiao , Edward Sun , Tong Chen , Fang Wu , Di Luo , Wei Wang

Modern listwise recommendation systems need to consider both long-term user perceptions and short-term interest shifts. Reinforcement learning can be applied on recommendation to study such a problem but is also subject to large search…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Luo Ji , Gao Liu , Mingyang Yin , Hongxia Yang , Jingren Zhou

Recent studies have uncovered the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in addressing complex sequential decision-making tasks through the provision of high-level instructions. However, LLM-based agents lack specialization in tackling…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Zihao Zhou , Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Bin Liu

Despite of achieving great success in real-world applications, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is still suffering from three critical issues, i.e., data efficiency, lack of the interpretability and transferability. Recent research shows…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-07-10 Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Shuting Deng , Mu Jin , Zhihao Ma , Kebing Jin , Chen Chen , Chao Yu

We propose a novel hierarchical reinforcement learning framework for quadruped locomotion over challenging terrain. Our approach incorporates a two-layer hierarchy in which a high-level policy (HLP) selects optimal goals for a low-level…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Jeremiah Coholich , Muhammad Ali Murtaza , Seth Hutchinson , Zsolt Kira

The integration of speech into Large Language Models (LLMs) has substantially expanded their capabilities, but often at the cost of weakening their core textual competence. This degradation limits the ability of speech-enabled LLMs to fully…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Chao Wang , Rui-Chen Zheng , Yang Ai , Zhen-Hua Ling

Advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) span a wide variety of applications which motivate development in this area. While application tasks serve as suitable benchmarks for real world problems, RL is seldomly used in practical scenarios…

交易与市场微观结构 · 定量金融 2021-04-02 Karush Suri , Xiao Qi Shi , Konstantinos Plataniotis , Yuri Lawryshyn

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) learns to make decisions on multiple levels of temporal abstraction. A key challenge in HRL is that the low-level policy changes over time, making it difficult for the high-level policy to generate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Vivienne Huiling Wang , Tinghuai Wang , Joni Pajarinen

We study the problem of computing an optimal large language model (LLM) policy for the constrained alignment problem, where the goal is to maximize a primary reward objective while satisfying constraints on secondary utilities. Despite the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Botong Zhang , Shuo Li , Ignacio Hounie , Osbert Bastani , Dongsheng Ding , Alejandro Ribeiro

Cross-domain task-oriented dialogue requires reasoning over implicit and explicit feasibility constraints while planning long-horizon, multi-turn actions. Large language models (LLMs) can infer such constraints but are unreliable over long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Yangyang Zhao , Linfan Dai , Li Cai , Bowen Xing , Libo Qin

The choice of parameter sharing strategy in multilingual machine translation models determines how optimally parameter space is used and hence, directly influences ultimate translation quality. Inspired by linguistic trees that show the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-03-08 Albina Khusainova , Adil Khan , Adín Ramírez Rivera , Vitaly Romanov