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This paper presents a simple, effective, and cost-efficient strategy to improve LLM performance by scaling test-time compute. Our strategy builds upon the repeated-sampling-then-voting framework, with a novel twist: incorporating multiple…

Test-time scaling has become an effective paradigm for improving the reasoning ability of large language models by allocating additional computation during inference. Recent structured approaches have further advanced this paradigm by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 George Wu , Nan Jing , Qing Yi , Chuan Hao , Ming Yang , Feng Chang , Yuan Wei , Jian Yang , Ran Tao , Bryan Dai

Recent work explores agentic inference-time techniques to perform structured, multi-step reasoning. However, stateless inference often struggles on multi-step tasks due to the absence of persistent state. Moreover, task-specific fine-tuning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Arshika Lalan , Rajat Ghosh , Aditya Kolsur , Debojyoti Dutta

Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) is a collaborative framework in which multiple agents iteratively refine solutions through the generation of reasoning and alternating critique cycles. Current work primarily optimizes intra-round topologies and…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yiqing Liu , Hantao Yao , Wu Liu , Allen He , Yongdong Zhang

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) for structured information extraction from financial documents has accelerated rapidly, yet production deployments face fundamental architectural decisions with limited empirical guidance. We…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Siddhant Kulkarni , Yukta Kulkarni

Test-time scaling (TTS) -- the dynamic allocation of compute during inference -- is a promising direction for improving reasoning in large language models (LLMs). However, a systematic comparison of well-known TTS strategies under identical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Aradhye Agarwal , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in numerous Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, they still struggle with financial question answering (QA), particularly when numerical reasoning is required.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Sorouralsadat Fatemi , Yuheng Hu

LLM agents in markets present algorithmic collusion risks. While prior work shows LLM agents reach supracompetitive prices through tacit coordination, existing research focuses on hand-crafted prompts. The emerging paradigm of prompt…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yingtao Tian

Machine learning applications frequently come with multiple diverse objectives and constraints that can change over time. Accordingly, trained models can be tuned with sets of hyper-parameters that affect their predictive behavior (e.g.,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-17 Bracha Laufer-Goldshtein , Adam Fisch , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Test-time compute scaling, the practice of spending extra computation during inference via repeated sampling, search, or extended reasoning, has become a powerful lever for improving large language model performance. Yet deploying these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zhiyuan Zhai , Bingcong Li , Bingnan Xiao , Ming Li , Xin Wang

Inference-time scaling has emerged as a powerful way to improve large language model (LLM) performance by generating multiple candidate responses and selecting among them. However, existing work on dynamic allocation for test-time compute…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Jenny Y. Huang , Mehul Damani , Yousef El-Kurdi , Ramon Astudillo , Wei Sun

There is intense interest in investigating how inference time compute (ITC) (e.g. repeated sampling, refinements, etc) can improve large language model (LLM) capabilities. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in reasoning models, such as…

Multi-agent interactions, such as communication, teaching, and bluffing, often rely on higher-order social inference, i.e., understanding how others infer oneself. Such intricate reasoning can be effectively modeled through nested…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-23 Kunal Jha , Tuan Anh Le , Chuanyang Jin , Yen-Ling Kuo , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Tianmin Shu

While the scaling laws of large language models (LLMs) training have been extensively studied, optimal inference configurations of LLMs remain underexplored. We study inference scaling laws (aka test-time scaling laws) and compute-optimal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Yangzhen Wu , Zhiqing Sun , Shanda Li , Sean Welleck , Yiming Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance in recent years but are fundamentally limited by the underlying training data. To improve models beyond the training data, recent works have explored how LLMs can be used to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Vighnesh Subramaniam , Yilun Du , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Antonio Torralba , Shuang Li , Igor Mordatch

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning tasks. Currently, mainstream LLM reasoning frameworks predominantly focus on scaling up inference-time sampling to enhance performance. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Hongduan Tian , Xiao Feng , Ziyuan Zhao , Xiangyu Zhu , Rolan Yan , Bo Han

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce answers with a single chain-of-thought, which restricts their ability to explore reasoning paths or self-correct flawed outputs in complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce MALT (Multi-Agent LLM…

Modern scientific discovery increasingly relies on high-performance computing for complex modeling and simulation. A key challenge in improving parallel program performance is efficiently mapping tasks to processors and data to memory, a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Anjiang Wei , Allen Nie , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Rohan Yadav , Wonchan Lee , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken

Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has shown promise in leveraging collective intelligence to improve reasoning and reduce hallucinations, yet it remains unclear how information exchange shapes the underlying ability. Empirically, MAD exhibits…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Dan Qiao , Binbin Chen , Fengyu Cai , Jianlong Chen , Wenhao Li , Fuxin Jiang , Zuzhi Chen , Hongyuan Zha , Tieying Zhang , Baoxiang Wang

Multi-agent systems provide a powerful way to extend large language models (LLMs) by decomposing a complex task into specialized subtasks handled by different agents. However, their performance is often hindered by error propagation,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Zheng Wang , Yuang Liu , Yangkai Ding