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Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across a wide range of tasks. However, deploying LLM-based agents in high-stakes domains comes with significant safety and ethical risks. Unethical behavior…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Baixiang Huang , Zhen Tan , Haoran Wang , Zijie Liu , Dawei Li , Ali Payani , Huan Liu , Tianlong Chen , Kai Shu

Interpretability methods for large language models (LLMs) typically derive directions from textual supervision, which can lack external grounding. We propose using human brain activity not as a training signal but as a coordinate system for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-24 Sandro Andric

Steering or intervening on model representations at inference time to correct predictions is essential for AI interpretability and safety, yet existing evaluation protocols are limited to ambiguous language modeling tasks. To address this…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Vladimir Zaigrajew , Dawid Pludowski , Hubert Baniecki , Przemyslaw Biecek

Sparse activation, which selectively activates only an input-dependent set of neurons in inference, is a useful technique to reduce the computing cost of Large Language Models (LLMs) without retraining or adaptation efforts. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Jifeng Song , Kai Huang , Xiangyu Yin , Boyuan Yang , Wei Gao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models leverage powerful perceptual priors from web-scale Vision-Language Model (VLM) pre-training, yet they remain surprisingly brittle in practice, frequently failing at simple robotic tasks. To mitigate this,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Miranda Muqing Miao , Subin Kim , Brandon Yang , Lyle Ungar

Large language models (LLMs) are able to generate grammatically well-formed text, but how do they encode their syntactic knowledge internally? While prior work has focused largely on binary grammatical contrasts, in this work, we study the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Alina Klerings , Jannik Brinkmann , Daniel Ruffinelli , Simone Ponzetto

Recent studies reveal that vision-language models (VLMs) become more susceptible to harmful requests and jailbreak attacks after integrating the vision modality, exhibiting greater vulnerability than their text-only LLM backbones. To…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Xiaohan Zou , Jian Kang , George Kesidis , Lu Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in natural language tasks, but their outputs can exhibit undesirable attributes or biases. Existing methods for steering LLMs toward desired attributes often assume unbiased…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-05 Zhixuan Chu , Yan Wang , Longfei Li , Zhibo Wang , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Activation-based steering provides control of LLM behavior at inference time, but the dominant paradigm reduces each concept to a single direction whose geometry is left largely unexamined. Rather than selecting a single steering direction,…

Language Models (LMs) are widely used in software engineering for code generation, but they may produce erroneous code. Rather than repairing outputs, a more thorough remedy is to address underlying model failures. LM repair offers a…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Jian Gu , Aldeida Aleti , Chunyang Chen , Hongyu Zhang

Training large language models (LLMs) is highly memory-intensive, as training must store not only weights and optimizer states but also intermediate activations for backpropagation. While existing memory-efficient methods largely focus on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Wen-Da Wei , Han-Bin Fang , Yang-Di Liu , Jiang-Xin Shi , James Kwok , Yu-Feng Li

Steering methods for language models (LMs) seek to provide fine-grained and interpretable control over model generations by variously changing model inputs, weights, or representations to adjust behavior. Recent work has shown that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Zhengxuan Wu , Qinan Yu , Aryaman Arora , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts

Discrete diffusion language models (DLMs) generate text by iteratively denoising all positions in parallel, offering an alternative to autoregressive models. Controlled generation methods for DLMs, imported from autoregressive models, apply…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Hanhan Zhou , Shamik Roy , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

Language model alignment has become an important component of AI safety, allowing safe interactions between humans and language models, by enhancing desired behaviors and inhibiting undesired ones. It is often done by tuning the model or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Yotam Wolf , Noam Wies , Dorin Shteyman , Binyamin Rothberg , Yoav Levine , Amnon Shashua

Jailbreak prompts can trigger harmful completions on aligned LLMs, In accordance, safety steering has been proposed: test-time activation interventions that steer jailbreak activations to trigger refusal while preserving benign utility.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Luoyu Chen , Weiqi Wang , Zhiyi Tian , Chenhan Zhang , Feng Wu , Jianhuan Huang , Ahmed Asiri , Shui Yu

Beam steering is the process involving the calibration of the angle and position at which a particle accelerator's electron beam is incident upon the x-ray target with respect to the rotation axis of the collimator. Beam Steering is an…

加速器物理 · 物理学 2023-11-14 Isaac Kante

Training loss and throughput can hide distinct internal representation in language-model training. To examine these hidden mechanics, we use spectral measurements as practical and operational diagnostics. Using a controlled family of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-08 Andy Zeyi Liu , Elliot Paquette , John Sous

We propose a method that enables large language models (LLMs) to control embodied agents through the generation of control policies that directly map continuous observation vectors to continuous action vectors. At the outset, the LLMs…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Jônata Tyska Carvalho , Stefano Nolfi

Vision Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but still suffer from hallucination and safety-related failures that persist even at scale. Steering offers a lightweight technique to improve model performance.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Youxu Shi , Suorong Yang , Dong Liu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have resulted in increasingly anthropomorphic language concerning the ability of LLMs to reason. Whether reasoning in LLMs should be understood to be inherently different is, however,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Bertram Højer , Oliver Jarvis , Stefan Heinrich
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