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While Large Language Models have transformed how we interact with AI systems, they suffer from a critical flaw: they confidently generate false information that sounds entirely plausible. This hallucination problem has become a major…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Piyushkumar Patel

Requirements expressed in natural language are an indispensable artifact in the software development process, as all stakeholders can understand them. However, their ambiguity poses a persistent challenge. To address this issue,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Mauro José Pacchiotti , Mariel Ale y Luciana Ballejos

NoSQL databases have become increasingly popular due to their outstanding performance in handling large-scale, unstructured, and semi-structured data, highlighting the need for user-friendly interfaces to bridge the gap between…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Jinwei Lu , Yuanfeng Song , Zhiqian Qin , Haodi Zhang , Chen Zhang , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

Users often formulate their search queries with immature language without well-developed keywords and complete structures. Such queries fail to express their true information needs and raise ambiguity as fragmental language often yield…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-01-19 Zhenduo Wang , Qingyao Ai

Large Language Model (LLM) techniques play an increasingly important role in Natural Language to SQL (NL2SQL) translation. LLMs trained by extensive corpora have strong natural language understanding and basic SQL generation abilities…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2024-04-01 Tonghui Ren , Yuankai Fan , Zhenying He , Ren Huang , Jiaqi Dai , Can Huang , Yinan Jing , Kai Zhang , Yifan Yang , X. Sean Wang

Prompt optimization algorithms for Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in multi-step reasoning but still lack effective uncertainty estimation. This paper introduces a benchmark dataset to evaluate uncertainty metrics, focusing on Answer,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Pei-Fu Guo , Yun-Da Tsai , Shou-De Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced Text-to-SQL, yet existing solutions still fall short of system-level reliability. The limitation is not merely in individual modules -- e.g., schema linking, reasoning, and verification -- but more…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Boyan Li , Chong Chen , Zhujun Xue , Yinan Mei , Yuyu Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently enabled natural language interfaces that translate user queries into executable SQL, offering a powerful solution for non-technical stakeholders to access structured data. However, one of the…

应用统计 · 统计学 2025-06-23 Jiekai Ma , Yikai Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities, yet selecting the most reliable response from multiple LLMs remains a challenge, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Existing approaches often depend on…

Query understanding is essential in modern relevance systems, where user queries are often short, ambiguous, and highly context-dependent. Traditional approaches often rely on multiple task-specific Named Entity Recognition models to…

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become fundamental to a broad spectrum of artificial intelligence applications. As the use of LLMs expands, precisely estimating the uncertainty in their predictions has become crucial.…

One of the major aspects contributing to the striking performance of large language models (LLMs) is the vast amount of factual knowledge accumulated during pre-training. Yet, many LLMs suffer from self-inconsistency, which raises doubts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Anastasiia Sedova , Robert Litschko , Diego Frassinelli , Benjamin Roth , Barbara Plank

Large language models (LLMs) often present answers with high apparent confidence despite lacking an explicit mechanism for reasoning about certainty or truth. While existing benchmarks primarily evaluate single-turn accuracy, truthfulness…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Mohammadreza Saadat , Steve Nemzer

Large language models excel at following explicit instructions, but they often struggle with ambiguous or incomplete user requests, defaulting to verbose, generic responses instead of seeking clarification. We introduce InfoQuest, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Bryan L. M. de Oliveira , Luana G. B. Martins , Bruno Brandão , Luckeciano C. Melo

In the constant updates of the product dialogue systems, we need to retrain the natural language understanding (NLU) model as new data from the real users would be merged into the existent data accumulated in the last updates. Within the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-25 Zefan Cai , Xin Zheng , Tianyu Liu , Xu Wang , Haoran Meng , Jiaqi Han , Gang Yuan , Binghuai Lin , Baobao Chang , Yunbo Cao

Text-to-SQL bridges the gap between natural language and structured database language, thus allowing non-technical users to easily query databases. Traditional approaches model text-to-SQL as a direct translation task, where a given Natural…

Conversational agents often encounter ambiguous user requests, requiring an effective clarification to successfully complete tasks. While recent advancements in real-world applications favor multi-agent architectures to manage complex…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Emre Can Acikgoz , Jinoh Oh , Joo Hyuk Jeon , Jie Hao , Heng Ji , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Xiang Li , Chengyuan Ma , Xing Fan

Task oriented Dialogue Systems generally employ intent detection systems in order to map user queries to a set of pre-defined intents. However, user queries appearing in natural language can be easily ambiguous and hence such a direct…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-09 Kaustubh D. Dhole

Accurate uncertainty quantification (UQ) in Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for trustworthy deployment. While real-world language is inherently ambiguous, reflecting aleatoric uncertainty, existing UQ methods are typically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Tim Tomov , Dominik Fuchsgruber , Tom Wollschläger , Stephan Günnemann

Modern Large Language Models (LLMs) often require external tools, such as machine learning classifiers or knowledge retrieval systems, to provide accurate answers in domains where their pre-trained knowledge is insufficient. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Panagiotis Lymperopoulos , Vasanth Sarathy