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Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shifted the post-training paradigm from traditional instruction tuning and human preference alignment toward reinforcement learning (RL) focused on reasoning capabilities. However,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Qianxi He , Qingyu Ren , Shanzhe Lei , Xuhong Wang , Yingchun Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for text generation. In particular, recent LLMs such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 can engage in fluent conversations with users after…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Jonathan D. Chang , Kiante Brantley , Rajkumar Ramamurthy , Dipendra Misra , Wen Sun

Large language models (LLMs) provide excellent text-generation capabilities, but standard prompting and generation methods generally do not lead to intentional or goal-directed agents and might necessitate considerable prompt tuning. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Marwa Abdulhai , Isadora White , Charlie Snell , Charles Sun , Joey Hong , Yuexiang Zhai , Kelvin Xu , Sergey Levine

Future robotic systems operating in real-world environments will require on-board embodied intelligence without continuous cloud connection, balancing capabilities with constraints on computational power and memory. This work presents an…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Liam Boyle , Nicolas Baumann , Paviththiren Sivasothilingam , Michele Magno , Luca Benini

Large Language Models have emerged as a promising approach for graph learning due to their powerful reasoning capabilities. However, existing methods exhibit systematic performance degradation on structurally important nodes such as bridges…

Text-prompted image segmentation enables fine-grained visual understanding and is critical for applications such as human-computer interaction and robotics. However, existing supervised fine-tuning methods typically ignore explicit…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Lianghui Zhu , Bin Ouyang , Yuxuan Zhang , Tianheng Cheng , Rui Hu , Haocheng Shen , Longjin Ran , Xiaoxin Chen , Li Yu , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Exploiting label hierarchies has become a promising approach to tackling the zero-shot multi-label text classification (ZS-MTC) problem. Conventional methods aim to learn a matching model between text and labels, using a graph encoder to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-06 Hui Liu , Danqing Zhang , Bing Yin , Xiaodan Zhu

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach for learning control policies directly from high-dimensional state and observation. However, it tends to be data-inefficient, which is especially costly in robotic learning…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-10-14 Xubo Lyu , Mo Chen

In recent years, training methods centered on Reinforcement Learning (RL) have markedly enhanced the reasoning and alignment performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly in understanding human intents, following user…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Keliang Liu , Dingkang Yang , Ziyun Qian , Weijie Yin , Yuchi Wang , Hongsheng Li , Jun Liu , Peng Zhai , Yang Liu , Lihua Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning tasks. However, existing approaches mainly rely on imitation learning and struggle to achieve effective test-time scaling. While reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Zhenyu Hou , Xin Lv , Rui Lu , Jiajie Zhang , Yujiang Li , Zijun Yao , Juanzi Li , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

With large language models (LLMs) achieving remarkable breakthroughs in natural language processing (NLP) domains, LLM-enhanced recommender systems have received much attention and have been actively explored currently. In this paper, we…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Jianghao Lin , Rong Shan , Chenxu Zhu , Kounianhua Du , Bo Chen , Shigang Quan , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective method of finding reasoning pathways in incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). To overcome the challenges of a large action space, a self-supervised pre-training method is proposed to warm up the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Ying Ma , Owen Burns , Mingqiu Wang , Gang Li , Nan Du , Laurent El Shafey , Liqiang Wang , Izhak Shafran , Hagen Soltau

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities but lack robust temporal intelligence, struggling to integrate reasoning about the past with predictions and plausible generations of the future. Meanwhile, existing methods…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Zijia Liu , Peixuan Han , Haofei Yu , Haoru Li , Jiaxuan You

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in reasoning, exemplified by the success of OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1. However, integrating reasoning with external search processes remains challenging, especially for complex…

In this paper, we survey recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL) for reasoning with Large Language Models (LLMs). RL has achieved remarkable success in advancing the frontier of LLM capabilities, particularly in addressing complex…

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown promise in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models by learning directly from outcome-based rewards. Recent RLVR works that operate under the zero setting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Andrew Zhao , Yiran Wu , Yang Yue , Tong Wu , Quentin Xu , Yang Yue , Matthieu Lin , Shenzhi Wang , Qingyun Wu , Zilong Zheng , Gao Huang

Logical reasoning task involves diverse types of complex reasoning over text, based on the form of multiple-choice question answering. Given the context, question and a set of options as the input, previous methods achieve superior…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-01-10 Fangzhi Xu , Jun Liu , Qika Lin , Tianzhe Zhao , Jian Zhang , Lingling Zhang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) excel on complex problems but face a critical barrier to efficiency: reinforcement learning (RL) training requires long rollouts for outcome-based rewards, where autoregressive decoding dominates time and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Zeliang Zhang , Xiaodong Liu , Hao Cheng , Hao Sun , Chenliang Xu , Jianfeng Gao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for eliciting reasoning chains before generating final answers. However, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate reasoning that lacks integration of visual…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Omar Sharif , Eftekhar Hossain , Patrick Ng

The prevailing paradigm for training large reasoning models--combining Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR)--is fundamentally constrained by its reliance on high-quality, human-annotated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yuanfu Wang , Zhixuan Liu , Xiangtian Li , Chaochao Lu , Chao Yang