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Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance on general-purpose tasks. however, transferring them to complex engineering domains such as space situational awareness (SSA) remains challenging owing to insufficient…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Ding Linghu , Cheng Wang , Da Fan , Wei Shi , Kaifeng Yin , Xiaoliang Xue , Fan Yang , Haiyi Ren , Cong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) bear promise as a fast and accurate material modeling paradigm for evaluation, analysis, and design. Their vast number of trainable parameters necessitates a wealth of data to achieve accuracy and mitigate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 Ning Liu , Siavash Jafarzadeh , Brian Y. Lattimer , Shuna Ni , Jim Lua , Yue Yu

In recent years, developing compact and efficient large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a thriving area of research. Traditional Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), which relies on singular ground truth labels, often fails to capture…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Jingyao Li , Senqiao Yang , Sitong Wu , Han Shi , Chuanyang Zheng , Hong Xu , Jiaya Jia

Large language models have emerged as powerful tools for general intelligence, showcasing advanced natural language processing capabilities that find applications across diverse domains. Despite their impressive performance, recent studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Elita Lobo , Chirag Agarwal , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) reasoning have been largely attributed to the rise of reinforcement Learning (RL), which has shifted the community's focus away from the supervised fine-tuning (SFT) paradigm. Many studies…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in AI-based tutoring systems. Can they faithfully model novice reasoning and metacognitive judgments? Existing evaluations emphasize problem-solving accuracy, overlooking the fragmented…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Conrad Borchers , Jill-Jênn Vie , Roger Azevedo

Instruction Fine-Tuning (IFT) significantly enhances the zero-shot capabilities of pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs). While coding data is known to boost LLM reasoning abilities during pretraining, its role in activating internal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-13 Xinlu Zhang , Zhiyu Zoey Chen , Xi Ye , Xianjun Yang , Lichang Chen , William Yang Wang , Linda Ruth Petzold

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) technologies, their application in the domain of autonomous driving has become increasingly widespread. However, existing methods suffer from unstructured reasoning, poor…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Chang Zhao , Zheming Yang , Yunqing Hu , Qi Guo , Zijian Wang , Pengcheng Li , Wen Ji

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Legal reasoning tasks present unique challenges for large language models (LLMs) due to the complexity of domain-specific knowledge and reasoning processes. This paper investigates how effectively smaller language models (Llama 2 7B and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Rean Fernandes , André Biedenkapp , Frank Hutter , Noor Awad

In adapting LLMs to specific domains, achieving both domain expertise and reasoning ability remains an urgent challenge. This study proposes a general method for constructing high-quality synthetic instruction data for any domain, starting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yuma Okochi , Fabio Milentiansen Sim , Tomoyasu Okada

Building on the success of text-based reasoning models like DeepSeek-R1, extending these capabilities to multimodal reasoning holds great promise. While recent works have attempted to adapt DeepSeek-R1-style reinforcement learning (RL)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Jie Yang , Feipeng Ma , Zitian Wang , Dacheng Yin , Kang Rong , Fengyun Rao , Ruimao Zhang

Integrating free-text explanations to in-context learning of large language models (LLM) is shown to elicit strong reasoning capabilities along with reasonable explanations. In this paper, we consider the problem of leveraging the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Shiyang Li , Jianshu Chen , Yelong Shen , Zhiyu Chen , Xinlu Zhang , Zekun Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Baolin Peng , Yi Mao , Wenhu Chen , Xifeng Yan

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in handling complex queries, much of the past work has depended on extensively annotated datasets by human experts. However, this reliance on fully-supervised annotations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-08 Yongqi Tong , Sizhe Wang , Dawei Li , Yifan Wang , Simeng Han , Zi Lin , Chengsong Huang , Jiaxin Huang , Jingbo Shang

Inspired by the power of large language models (LLMs), our research adapts them to quantum federated learning (QFL) to boost efficiency and performance. We propose a federated fine-tuning method that distills an LLM within QFL, allowing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Dev Gurung , Shiva Raj Pokhrel

One way to enhance the reasoning capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is to conduct Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using Chain-of-Thought (CoT) annotations. This approach does not show sufficiently strong generalization ability,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-16 Trung Quoc Luong , Xinbo Zhang , Zhanming Jie , Peng Sun , Xiaoran Jin , Hang Li

Mathematical reasoning remains a challenging area for large language models (LLMs), prompting the development of math-specific LLMs such as LLEMMA, DeepSeekMath, and Qwen2-Math, among others. These models typically follow a two-stage…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Zui Chen , Tianqiao Liu , Mi Tian , Qing Tong , Weiqi Luo , Zitao Liu

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in generating human-like text, proving to be a valuable asset across various applications. However, adapting these models to incorporate new, out-of-domain…

Large reasoning models (LRMs) extend large language models by generating explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, significantly improving mathematical and logical problem solving. However, this explicit reasoning process also introduces…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Jinghan Jia , Nathalie Baracaldo , Sijia Liu

Training models on synthetic data has emerged as an increasingly important strategy for improving the performance of generative AI. This approach is particularly helpful for large multimodal models (LMMs) due to the relative scarcity of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Gabriela Ben Melech Stan , Estelle Aflalo , Avinash Madasu , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard