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Most adversarial threats in artificial intelligence (AI) target the computational behavior of models rather than the humans who rely on them. Yet modern AI systems increasingly operate within human decision loops, where users interpret and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Shutong Fan , Lan Zhang , Xiaoyong Yuan

The proliferation of generative AI systems has created new challenges for the Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) community, particularly regarding how traditional copyleft principles should apply when open source code is used to train AI…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Grant Shanklin , Emmie Hine , Claudio Novelli , Tyler Schroder , Luciano Floridi

Real-world autonomous driving, particularly in urban environments with numerous corner cases, requires rigorous testing to ensure product safety and robustness. However, few studies have explored integrating adversarial scenario generation…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Chuancheng Zhang , Zhenhao Wang , Kaizheng Li , Yaran Lin , Qiang Guo , Bin Jiang

Adversarial attack is a technique for deceiving Machine Learning (ML) models, which provides a way to evaluate the adversarial robustness. In practice, attack algorithms are artificially selected and tuned by human experts to break a ML…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-12-11 Xiaofeng Mao , Yuefeng Chen , Shuhui Wang , Hang Su , Yuan He , Hui Xue

This article introduces S-AI-Recursive, a bio-inspired Sparse Artificial Intelligence architecture in which reasoning is operationalized as a hormonal closed-loop iteration rather than a single feed-forward pass. Building upon the S-AI…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Said Slaoui

High-stakes decision systems increasingly require structured justification, traceability, and auditability to ensure accountability and regulatory compliance. Formal arguments commonly used in the certification of safety-critical systems…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Mahyar T. Moghaddam

Embodied Artificial Intelligence (AI) promises to handle edge cases in robotic vehicle systems where data is scarce by using common-sense reasoning grounded in perception and action to generalize beyond training distributions and adapt to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Luis Burbano , Diego Ortiz , Qi Sun , Siwei Yang , Haoqin Tu , Cihang Xie , Yinzhi Cao , Alvaro A Cardenas

As large language models (LLMs) achieve advanced persuasive capabilities, concerns about their potential risks have grown. The EU AI Act prohibits AI systems that use manipulative or deceptive techniques to undermine informed…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Haein Kong

Mental health applications have emerged as a critical area in computational health, driven by rising global rates of mental illness, the integration of AI in psychological care, and the need for scalable solutions in underserved…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Chenhan Lyu , Yutong Song , Pengfei Zhang , Amir M. Rahmani

Automated red-teaming for LLMs often discovers narrow attack slices, missing diverse real-world threats, and yielding insufficient data for safety fine-tuning. We introduce Persona-Conditioned Adversarial Prompting (PCAP), which conditions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Cristian Morasso , Anisa Halimi , Muhammad Zaid Hameed , Douglas Leith

This article argues that the deployment of generative AI systems in legal profession requires strong restraint due to the critical risks of hallucination and overreliance. Central to this analysis is the definition of Generative Legal AI…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Gizem Gültekin Varkonyi

There has been a recent resurgence of interest in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) that aims to reduce the opaqueness of AI-based decision-making systems, allowing humans to scrutinize and trust them. Prior work in this context has…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-06-24 Sainyam Galhotra , Romila Pradhan , Babak Salimi

Generative AI is reshaping offensive cybersecurity by enabling autonomous red team agents that can plan, execute, and adapt during penetration tests. However, existing approaches face trade-offs between generality and specialization, and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Strahinja Janjusevic , Anna Baron Garcia , Sohrob Kazerounian

Static content-based AI value alignment is insufficient for robust alignment under capability scaling, distributional shift, and increasing autonomy. This holds for any approach that treats alignment as optimizing toward a fixed formal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Austin Spizzirri

Artificial intelligence (AI) is being ubiquitously adopted to automate processes in science and industry. However, due to its often intricate and opaque nature, AI has been shown to possess inherent vulnerabilities which can be maliciously…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-20 Mathew J. Walter , Aaron Barrett , Kimberly Tam

Risk-based AI regulation has become the dominant paradigm in AI governance, promising proportional controls aligned with anticipated harms. This paper argues that such frameworks often fail for structural reasons: they implicitly assume…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Hugo Roger Paz

Legal Artificial Intelligence (LegalAI) has achieved notable advances in automating judicial decision-making with the support of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing legal LLMs still struggle to generate reliable and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Xin Dai , Buqiang Xu , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Huiyuan Xie , Xiaoyuan Yi , Shuo Wang , Ge Yu

Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback (RLAIF) has demonstrated significant potential across various domains, including mitigating harm in LLM outputs, enhancing text summarization, and mathematical reasoning. This paper introduces an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 Sujan Dutta , Sayantan Mahinder , Raviteja Anantha , Bortik Bandyopadhyay

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the dominant architectural pattern to operationalize Large Language Model (LLM) usage in Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) systems. However, this design is susceptible to poisoning attacks,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Austin Jia , Avaneesh Ramesh , Zain Shamsi , Daniel Zhang , Alex Liu

As generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), become increasingly integrated into production applications, new attack surfaces and vulnerabilities emerge and put a focus on adversarial threats in natural language and…