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We study behavioral self-awareness -- an LLM's ability to articulate its behaviors without requiring in-context examples. We finetune LLMs on datasets that exhibit particular behaviors, such as (a) making high-risk economic decisions, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Jan Betley , Xuchan Bao , Martín Soto , Anna Sztyber-Betley , James Chua , Owain Evans

Language Models (LMs) typically adhere to a "pre-training and fine-tuning" paradigm, where a universal pre-trained model can be fine-tuned to cater to various specialized domains. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained the most widespread…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Delong Ran , Xinlei He , Tianshuo Cong , Anyu Wang , Qi Li , Xiaoyun Wang

Finetuning on narrow domains has become an essential tool to adapt Large Language Models (LLMs) to specific tasks and to create models with known unusual properties that are useful for research. We show that narrow finetuning creates strong…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Julian Minder , Clément Dumas , Stewart Slocum , Helena Casademunt , Cameron Holmes , Robert West , Neel Nanda

Humans acquire knowledge by observing the external world, but also by introspection. Introspection gives a person privileged access to their current state of mind (e.g., thoughts and feelings) that is not accessible to external observers.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Felix J Binder , James Chua , Tomek Korbak , Henry Sleight , John Hughes , Robert Long , Ethan Perez , Miles Turpin , Owain Evans

Pre-training Large Language Models (LLMs) on web-scale datasets becomes fundamental for advancing general-purpose AI. In contrast, enhancing their predictive performance on downstream tasks typically involves adapting their knowledge…

Can language models (LMs) learn to faithfully describe their internal computations? Are they better able to describe themselves than other models? We study the extent to which LMs' privileged access to their own internals can be leveraged…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Belinda Z. Li , Zifan Carl Guo , Vincent Huang , Jacob Steinhardt , Jacob Andreas

Can large language models introspect, that is, accurately detect perturbations to their own internal states? We systematically investigate this question using activation steering in Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct. First, we show that the binary…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Ely Hahami , Ishaan Sinha , Lavik Jain , Josh Kaplan , Jon Hahami

Recent studies have revealed that LLMs can exhibit behavioral self-awareness: the ability to accurately describe or predict their own learned behaviors without explicit supervision. This capability raises safety concerns as it may, for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Matthew Bozoukov , Matthew Nguyen , Shubkarman Singh , Bart Bussmann , Patrick Leask

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu

Fine-tuning on task-specific question-answer pairs is a predominant method for enhancing the performance of instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) on downstream tasks. However, in certain specialized domains, such as healthcare or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Shuyang Jiang , Yusheng Liao , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Training AI models is challenging, particularly when crafting behavior instructions. Traditional methods rely on machines (supervised learning) or manual pattern discovery, which results in not interpretable models or time sink. While Large…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Soya Park , J. D. Zamfirescu-Pereira , Chinmay Kulkarni

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) reveal whether specific data was used to train machine learning models, serving as important tools for privacy auditing and compliance assessment. Recent studies have reported that MIAs perform only…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming a popular tool as they have significantly advanced in their capability to tackle a wide range of language-based tasks. However, LLMs applications are highly vulnerable to prompt injection attacks,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Md Abdur Rahman , Fan Wu , Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed

A long-standing challenge in developing accurate recommendation models is simulating user behavior, mainly due to the complex and stochastic nature of user interactions. Towards this, one promising line of work has been the use of Large…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Himanshu Thakur , Eshani Agrawal , Smruthi Mukund

Instruction Tuning (IT), the process of training large language models (LLMs) using instruction-response pairs, has emerged as the predominant method for transforming base pre-trained LLMs into open-domain conversational agents. While IT…

Instruction tuning -- supervised fine-tuning using instruction-response pairs -- is a key step in making pre-trained large language models (LLMs) instructable. Meanwhile, LLMs perform multitask learning during their pre-training, acquiring…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Seokhyun An , Minji Kim , Hyounghun Kim

While fine-tuning LLMs on NLI corpora improves their inferential performance, the underlying mechanisms driving this improvement remain largely opaque. In this work, we conduct a series of experiments to investigate what LLMs actually learn…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Liang Cheng , Zhaowei Wang , Mark Steedman

Large language model (LLM) agents often struggle in environments where rules and required domain knowledge frequently change, such as regulatory compliance and user risk screening. Current approaches, like offline fine-tuning and standard…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Yufei He , Ruoyu Li , Alex Chen , Yue Liu , Yulin Chen , Yuan Sui , Cheng Chen , Yi Zhu , Luca Luo , Frank Yang , Bryan Hooi

In the field of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), common methods typically involve unfreezing the language model during training to foster profound visual understanding. However, the fine-tuning of such models with vision-language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Bin Wang , Chunyu Xie , Dawei Leng , Yuhui Yin

This study demonstrates the application of instruction finetuning of pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the generation of AI research leaderboards, extracting (Task, Dataset, Metric, Score) quadruples from articles. It aims…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Salomon Kabongo , Jennifer D'Souza
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