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Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is the prevailing approach for efficient large language model (LLM) fine-tuning. Building on this paradigm, recent studies have proposed alternative initialization strategies, architectural modifications, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Yu-Ang Lee , Ching-Yun Ko , Pin-Yu Chen , Mi-Yen Yeh

The training and fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) often involve diverse textual data from multiple sources, which poses challenges due to conflicting gradient directions, hindering optimization and specialization. These…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Yinghao Li , Vianne Gao , Chao Zhang , MohamadAli Torkamani

This paper explores how theory can guide and enhance practical algorithms, using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA, Hu et al. 2022) in large language models as a case study. We rigorously prove that, under gradient descent, LoRA adapters align with…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-06-24 Yuanhe Zhang , Fanghui Liu , Yudong Chen

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has proven effective in reducing computational costs while maintaining performance comparable to fully fine-tuned foundation models across various tasks. However, its fixed low-rank structure restricts its…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Chuyan Zhang , Kefan Wang , Yun Gu

Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a popular Parameter Efficient Fine Tuning (PEFT) method that effectively adapts large pre-trained models for downstream tasks. LoRA parameterizes model updates using low-rank matrices at each layer,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Ignacio Hounie , Charilaos Kanatsoulis , Arnuv Tandon , Alejandro Ribeiro

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is currently the most commonly used Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method, it introduces auxiliary parameters for each layer to fine-tune the pre-trained model under limited computing resources. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Hongyun Zhou , Xiangyu Lu , Wang Xu , Conghui Zhu , Tiejun Zhao , Muyun Yang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method that leverages low-rank adaptation of weight matrices, has emerged as a prevalent technique for fine-tuning pre-trained models such as large language models and diffusion…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Yuchen Zeng , Kangwook Lee

Low-rank adaption (LoRA) is a representative method in the field of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), and is key to Democratizating the modern large language models (LLMs). The vanilla LoRA is implemented with uniform ranks, and the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Yi Zhao , Qinghua Yao , Xinyuan song , Wei Zhu

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a widely used parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method that learns weight updates $\Delta W = AB$ for pretrained weights $W$ through low-rank adapters $A$ and $B$. While LoRA ensures hardware efficiency,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Yibo Zhong , Jinman Zhao , Yao Zhou

Federated fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs) faces significant challenges due to the heavy communication overhead of transmitting large model updates. Although Low Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has been proposed as a solution, yet its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Jabin Koo , Minwoo Jang , Jungseul Ok

Fine-tuning large-scale pretrained models is prohibitively expensive in terms of computational and memory costs. LoRA, as one of the most popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, offers a cost-effective alternative by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 Shaowen Wang , Linxi Yu , Jian Li

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) has been proposed to fine-tune the pre-trained language models in a distributed manner. However, there are two critical challenges for efficient FedFT in practical applications, i.e., resource constraints and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Jun Liu , Yunming Liao , Hongli Xu , Yang Xu , Jianchun Liu , Chen Qian

The pretrain+fine-tune paradigm is foundational for deploying large language models (LLMs) across various downstream applications. Within this framework, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out for its parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT),…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Jingwei Xu , Junyu Lai , Yunpeng Huang

Adapters and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques designed to make the training of language models more efficient. Previous results demonstrated that these methods can even improve performance on some…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for large language models, with its effectiveness largely influenced by the allocation of ranks and scaling factors, as well as initialization.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Weicheng Lin , Yi Zhang , Jiawei Dang , Liang-Jie Zhang

We study the computational limits of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) for finetuning transformer-based models using fine-grained complexity theory. Our key observation is that the existence of low-rank decompositions within the gradient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Maojiang Su , En-Jui Kuo , Zhao Song , Han Liu

The low-rank adaptation (LoRA) algorithm for fine-tuning large models has grown popular in recent years due to its remarkable performance and low computational requirements. LoRA trains two ``adapter" matrices that form a low-rank…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Siqiao Mu , Diego Klabjan

This paper presents a novel methodology of fine-tuning for large language models-dynamic LoRA. Building from the standard Low-Rank Adaptation framework, this methodology further adds dynamic adaptation mechanisms to improve efficiency and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Xiaoxuan Liao , Chihang Wang , Shicheng Zhou , Jiacheng Hu , Hongye Zheng , Jia Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are driving advancements in artificial intelligence by increasing the scale of model parameters, which has significantly enhanced generalization ability and unlocked new capabilities in practice. However, their…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Chenxing Wei , Yao Shu , Ying Tiffany He , Fei Richard Yu

Parameter-Efficient FineTuning (PEFT) methods have recently gained significant popularity thanks to the widespread availability of large-scale pretrained models. These methods allow for quick adaptation to downstream tasks with minimal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Massimo Bini , Leander Girrbach , Zeynep Akata