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People increasingly use large language models (LLMs) for everyday moral and interpersonal guidance, yet these systems cannot interrogate missing context and judge dilemmas as presented. We introduce a perturbation framework for testing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Tom van Nuenen , Pratik S. Sachdeva

Reliable certification of Large Language Models (LLMs)-verifying that failure rates are below a safety threshold-is critical yet challenging. While "LLM-as-a-Judge" offers scalability, judge imperfections, noise, and bias can invalidate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Chen Feng , Minghe Shen , Ananth Balashankar , Carsten Gerner-Beuerle , Miguel R. D. Rodrigues

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in open-ended scenarios is challenging because existing benchmarks and metrics can not measure them comprehensively. To address this problem, we propose to fine-tune LLMs as scalable judges (JudgeLM)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Lianghui Zhu , Xinggang Wang , Xinlong Wang

Financial news is essential for accurate market prediction, but evolving narratives across macroeconomic regimes introduce semantic and causal drift that weaken model reliability. We present an evaluation framework to quantify robustness in…

计算金融 · 定量金融 2025-10-02 Zhongtian Sun , Chenghao Xiao , Anoushka Harit , Jongmin Yu

As LLM-based agents increasingly operate in high-stakes domains with real-world consequences, ensuring their behavioral safety becomes paramount. The dominant oversight paradigm, LLM-as-a-Judge, faces a fundamental dilemma: how can…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Jiayi Zhou , Yang Sheng , Hantao Lou , Yaodong Yang , Jie Fu

A Large Language Model (LLM) as judge evaluates the quality of victim Machine Learning (ML) models, specifically LLMs, by analyzing their outputs. An LLM as judge is the combination of one model and one specifically engineered judge prompt…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Tom Biskupski , Stephan Kleber

LLM-as-a-judge approaches have emerged as a scalable solution for evaluating model behaviors, yet they rely on evaluation criteria often created by a single individual, embedding that person's assumptions, priorities, and interpretive lens.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly powerful and ubiquitous, but their stochastic nature poses challenges to the reliability of their outputs. While deterministic settings can improve consistency, they do not guarantee…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Kayla Schroeder , Zach Wood-Doughty

Matching patients to clinical trials demands a systematic and reasoned interpretation of documents which require significant expert-level background knowledge, over a complex set of well-defined eligibility criteria. Moreover, this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Mael Jullien , Alex Bogatu , Harriet Unsworth , Andre Freitas

RAG systems are increasingly evaluated and optimized using LLM judges, an approach that is rapidly becoming the dominant paradigm for system assessment. Nugget-based approaches in particular are now embedded not only in evaluation…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Laura Dietz , Bryan Li , Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , William Walden , James Mayfield

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly generate and process clinical text, scalable evaluation has become critical. LLM-as-a-Judge (LaaJ), which uses LLMs to evaluate model outputs, offers a scalable alternative to costly expert…

Current literature on radiology report evaluation has focused primarily on designing LLM-based metrics and fine-tuning small models for chest X-rays. However, it remains unclear whether these approaches are robust when applied to reports…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Federica Bologna , Jean-Philippe Corbeil , Matthew Wilkens , Asma Ben Abacha

LLM-as-a-judge is a framework where a large language model (LLM) evaluates the output of another LLM. While LLMs excel at producing qualitative textual evaluations, they often struggle to predict human preferences and numeric scores. We…

In an effort to automatically evaluate and select the best model and improve code quality for automatic incident remediation in IT Automation, it is crucial to verify if the generated code for remediation action is syntactically and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Ngoc Phuoc An Vo , Brent Paulovicks , Vadim Sheinin

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as task-oriented agents in enterprise environments, ensuring their strict adherence to complex, domain-specific operational guidelines is critical. While utilizing an LLM-as-a-Judge…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Jingbo Yang , Guanyu Yao , Bairu Hou , Xinghan Yang , Nikolai Glushnev , Iwona Bialynicka-Birula , Duo Ding , Shiyu Chang

As large language models (LLMs) grow more capable, they face increasingly diverse and complex tasks, making reliable evaluation challenging. The paradigm of LLMs as judges has emerged as a scalable solution, yet prior work primarily focuses…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Weiyuan Li , Xintao Wang , Siyu Yuan , Rui Xu , Jiangjie Chen , Qingqing Dong , Yanghua Xiao , Deqing Yang

Evaluating natural language generation (NLG) systems remains a core challenge of natural language processing (NLP), further complicated by the rise of large language models (LLMs) that aims to be general-purpose. Recently, large language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Khaoula Chehbouni , Mohammed Haddou , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , Golnoosh Farnadi

There is an increasing trend towards evaluating NLP models with LLMs instead of human judgments, raising questions about the validity of these evaluations, as well as their reproducibility in the case of proprietary models. We provide…

Cross-lingual evaluation of large language models (LLMs) typically conflates two sources of variance: genuine model performance differences and measurement instability. We investigate evaluation reliability by holding generation conditions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Isaac Chung , Linda Freienthal

LLMs enable qualitative coding at large scale, but assessing reliability remains challenging where human experts seldom agree. We investigate confidence-diversity calibration as a quality assessment framework for accessible coding tasks…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Zhilong Zhao , Yindi Liu