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Online social platforms are beset with hateful speech - content that expresses hatred for a person or group of people. Such content can frighten, intimidate, or silence platform users, and some of it can inspire other users to commit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-10-02 Haji Mohammad Saleem , Kelly P Dillon , Susan Benesch , Derek Ruths

Dehumanization, i.e., denying human qualities to individuals or groups, is a particularly harmful form of hate speech that can normalize violence against marginalized communities. Despite advances in NLP for detecting general hate speech,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Hamidreza Saffari , Mohammadamin Shafiei , Hezhao Zhang , Lasana Harris , Nafise Sadat Moosavi

The prevalence of offensive content on the internet, encompassing hate speech and cyberbullying, is a pervasive issue worldwide. Consequently, it has garnered significant attention from the machine learning (ML) and natural language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-29 Alphaeus Dmonte , Tejas Arya , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri

Hate speech has grown significantly on social media, causing serious consequences for victims of all demographics. Despite much attention being paid to characterize and detect discriminatory speech, most work has focused on explicit or…

Combating online hate speech in multilingual settings requires approaches that go beyond English-centric models and capture the cultural and linguistic diversity of global online discourse. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zahra Safdari Fesaghandis , Suman Kalyan Maity

Large Language Models (LLMs) have raised increasing concerns about their misuse in generating hate speech. Among all the efforts to address this issue, hate speech detectors play a crucial role. However, the effectiveness of different…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Xinyue Shen , Yixin Wu , Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Savvas Zannettou , Yang Zhang

Online hate remains a significant societal challenge, especially as multimodal content enables subtle, culturally grounded, and implicit forms of harm. Hateful memes embed hostility through text-image interactions and humor, making them…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Sahajpreet Singh , Kokil Jaidka , Subhayan Mukerjee

Hate speech is increasingly prevalent online, and its negative outcomes include increased prejudice, extremism, and even offline hate crime. Automatic detection of online hate speech can help us to better understand these impacts. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-02-10 John D Gallacher

This research introduces a novel approach to textual and multimodal Hate Speech Detection (HSD), using Large Language Models (LLMs) as dynamic knowledge bases to generate background context and incorporate it into the input of HSD…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Joshua Wolfe Brook , Ilia Markov

Hateful content online is often expressed using fact-like, not necessarily correct information, especially in coordinated online harassment campaigns and extremist propaganda. Failing to jointly address hate speech (HS) and misinformation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Nicolás Benjamín Ocampo , Tommaso Caselli , Davide Ceolin

The proliferation of hate speech on social media is one of the serious issues that is bringing huge impacts to society: an escalation of violence, discrimination, and social fragmentation. The problem of detecting hate speech is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Anwar Hossain Zahid , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Swarna Das

WARNING: This paper contains examples of offensive materials. To address the proliferation of toxic content on social media, we introduce SMARTER, we introduce SMARTER, a data-efficient two-stage framework for explainable content moderation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Huy Nghiem , Advik Sachdeva , Hal Daumé

Hate speech detection is a crucial area of research in natural language processing, essential for ensuring online community safety. However, detecting implicit hate speech, where harmful intent is conveyed in subtle or indirect ways,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Yumin Kim , Hwanhee Lee

This paper proposes an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model for hate speech using large language models (LLMs). The proposed method integrates the encoder of the ASR model with the decoder of the LLMs, enabling simultaneous…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-09 Ryutaro Oshima , Yuya Hosoda , Youji Iiguni

Hate speech causes widespread and deep-seated societal issues. Proper enforcement of hate speech laws is key for protecting groups of people against harmful and discriminatory language. However, determining what constitutes hate speech is a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-03 Chu Fei Luo , Rohan Bhambhoria , Xiaodan Zhu , Samuel Dahan

The issue of hate speech extends beyond the confines of the online realm. It is a problem with real-life repercussions, prompting most nations to formulate legal frameworks that classify hate speech as a punishable offence. These legal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Katerina Korre , John Pavlopoulos , Paolo Gajo , Alberto Barrón-Cedeño

The digital age has expanded social media and online forums, allowing free expression for nearly 45% of the global population. Yet, it has also fueled online harassment, bullying, and harmful behaviors like hate speech and toxic comments…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Vuong M. Ngo , Cach N. Dang , Kien V. Nguyen , Mark Roantree

The fast spread of hate speech on social media impacts the Internet environment and our society by increasing prejudice and hurting people. Detecting hate speech has aroused broad attention in the field of natural language processing.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-13 Junyu Lu , Hongfei Lin , Xiaokun Zhang , Zhaoqing Li , Tongyue Zhang , Linlin Zong , Fenglong Ma , Bo Xu

Hate speech is a major issue in social networks due to the high volume of data generated daily. Recent works demonstrate the usefulness of machine learning (ML) in dealing with the nuances required to distinguish between hateful posts from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Rafael M. O. Cruz , Woshington V. de Sousa , George D. C. Cavalcanti

Online toxic content has grown into a pervasive phenomenon, intensifying during times of crisis, elections, and social unrest. A significant amount of research has been focused on detecting or analyzing toxic content using machine-learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Gautam Kishore Shahi , Tim A. Majchrzak