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This paper introduces SePA (Search-enhanced Predictive AI Agent), a novel LLM health coaching system that integrates personalized machine learning and retrieval-augmented generation to deliver adaptive, evidence-based guidance. SePA…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Melik Ozolcer , Sang Won Bae

Reliable deployment of large language models (LLMs) requires accurate uncertainty estimation. Existing methods are predominantly answer-first, producing confidence only after generating an answer, which measure the correctness of a specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Changcheng Li , Jiancan Wu , Hengheng Zhang , Zhengsu Chen , Guo An , Junxiang Qiu , Xiang Wang , Qi Tian

While Large Language Models (LLMs) can convincingly simulate personas in explicit self-reports, they often deviate in implicit behavioral decisions, revealing a substantial Knowledge-Decision Gap ($G_{\text{KD}}$). Existing benchmarks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Yutong Yang , Chenxi Miao , Weikang Li , Yunfang Wu

Long-form question answering (LFQA) demands nuanced evaluation of multi-sentence explanatory responses, yet existing metrics often fail to reflect human judgment. We present LFQA-HP-1M, a large-scale dataset comprising 1.3M human pairwise…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Rafid Ishrak Jahan , Fahmid Shahriar Iqbal , Sagnik Ray Choudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on standard reasoning and question-answering benchmarks, yet such evaluations often fail to capture their ability to handle long-tail, expertise-intensive knowledge in real-world professional…

Open-ended question answering (QA) evaluates a model's ability to perform contextualized reasoning beyond factual recall. This challenge is especially acute in practice-based domains, where knowledge is procedural and grounded in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Si Chen , Le Huy Khiem , Annalisa Szymanski , Ronald Metoyer , Ting Hua , Nitesh V. Chawla

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but the quality bar for medical and clinical applications is high. Today, attempts to assess models' clinical knowledge…

The explosion of high-performing conversational language models (LMs) has spurred a shift from classic natural language processing (NLP) benchmarks to expensive, time-consuming and noisy human evaluations - yet the relationship between…

Current benchmarks for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) often do not exhibit enough writing style diversity, with many adhering primarily to standardized conventions. Such benchmarks do not fully capture the rich variety of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Kimberly Le Truong , Riccardo Fogliato , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Medical question answering (QA) benchmarks often focus on multiple-choice or fact-based tasks, leaving open-ended answers to real patient questions underexplored. This gap is particularly critical in mental health, where patient questions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yahan Li , Jifan Yao , John Bosco S. Bunyi , Adam C. Frank , Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang , Ruishan Liu

Personalizing Large Language Models (LLMs) has become a critical step in facilitating their widespread application to enhance individual life experiences. In pursuit of personalization, distilling key preference information from an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Yilun Qiu , Xiaoyan Zhao , Yang Zhang , Yimeng Bai , Wenjie Wang , Hong Cheng , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

User modeling characterizes individuals through their preferences and behavioral patterns to enable personalized simulation and generation with Large Language Models (LLMs) in contemporary approaches. However, existing methods, whether…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Liang Wang , Xinyi Mou , Xiaoyou Liu , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Effective community governance hinges on understanding what specific residents think and need. Recent work has used large language models (LLMs) to simulate human respondents, offering a scalable, reproducible way to study human attitudes…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Xu Chen , Yuanzi Li , Lei Wang , Nan Lu , Yang Wang , Anding Wang , Lei Shi , Xiaoxing Fu , Ji-Rong Wen

LLMs often fail to meet the specialized needs of distinct user groups due to their one-size-fits-all training paradigm \cite{lucy-etal-2024-one} and there is limited research on what personalization aspects each group expect. To address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Ishani Mondal , Jack W. Stokes , Sujay Kumar Jauhar , Longqi Yang , Mengting Wan , Xiaofeng Xu , Xia Song , Jennifer Neville

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to cybersecurity question answering (QA) for critical tasks such as incident response and vulnerability analysis. However, real-world operational contexts, including system logs and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Matilda Gaddi , Jin Noh , Onat Gungor , Tajana Rosing

The assessment of advanced generative large language models (LLMs) poses a significant challenge, given their heightened complexity in recent developments. Furthermore, evaluating the performance of LLM-based applications in various…

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in personalizing the responses of large language models (LLMs). While existing evaluations primarily focus on whether a response aligns with a user's preferences, we argue that factuality is an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Chimaobi Okite , Naihao Deng , Kiran Bodipati , Huaidian Hou , Joyce Chai , Rada Mihalcea

The rapid advancement of language models (LMs) necessitates robust alignment with diverse user values. However, current preference optimization approaches often fail to capture the plurality of user opinions, instead reinforcing majority…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-25 Louis Castricato , Nathan Lile , Rafael Rafailov , Jan-Philipp Fränken , Chelsea Finn

Evaluating persona-aligned empathy in LLM-based dialogue agents remains challenging. User states are latent, feedback is sparse and difficult to verify in situ, and seemingly supportive turns can still accumulate into trajectories that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Shiya Zhang , Yuhan Zhan , Ruixi Su , Ruihan Sun , Ziyi Song , Zhaohan Chen , Xiaofan Zhang

Non-Factoid (NF) Question Answering (QA) is challenging to evaluate due to diverse potential answers and no objective criterion. The commonly used automatic evaluation metrics like ROUGE or BERTScore cannot accurately measure semantic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Sihui Yang , Keping Bi , Wanqing Cui , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng