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Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting is a popular in-context learning (ICL) approach for large language models (LLMs), especially when tackling complex reasoning tasks. Traditional ICL approaches construct prompts using examples that contain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Zifan Xu , Haozhu Wang , Dmitriy Bespalov , Xian Wu , Peter Stone , Yanjun Qi

Recent LLMs have significantly improved reasoning capabilities, primarily by including an explicit, lengthy Thinking process as part of generation. In this paper, we question whether this explicit thinking is necessary. Using the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Wenjie Ma , Jingxuan He , Charlie Snell , Tyler Griggs , Sewon Min , Matei Zaharia

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, yet they remain constrained by the finite capacity of their context windows and the inherent difficulty of maintaining long-term…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Xun Xu

Neural network models have been demonstrated to be capable of achieving remarkable performance in sentence and document modeling. Convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) are two mainstream architectures for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2015-12-01 Chunting Zhou , Chonglin Sun , Zhiyuan Liu , Francis C. M. Lau

Recent research enhances language model reasoning by scaling test-time compute via longer chain-of-thought traces. This often improves accuracy but also introduces redundancy and high computational cost, especially for small language models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Xuechen Zhang , Zijian Huang , Chenshun Ni , Ziyang Xiong , Jiasi Chen , Samet Oymak

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has exhibited impressive performance in language models for solving complex tasks and answering questions. However, many real-world questions require multi-modal information, such as text and images.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-12-15 Liqi He , Zuchao Li , Xiantao Cai , Ping Wang

Uncertainty calibration is essential for the safe deployment of large language models (LLMs), particularly when users rely on verbalized confidence estimates. While prior work has focused on classifiers or short-form generation, confidence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Chaeyun Jang , Moonseok Choi , Yegon Kim , Hyungi Lee , Juho Lee

We present a neural network for predicting purchasing intent in an Ecommerce setting. Our main contribution is to address the significant investment in feature engineering that is usually associated with state-of-the-art methods such as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-07-24 Humphrey Sheil , Omer Rana , Ronan Reilly

How should future neural reasoning systems implement extended computation? Recursive Reasoning Models (RRMs) offer a promising alternative to autoregressive sequence extension by performing iterative latent-state refinement with shared…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Junyeob Baek , Mingyu Jo , Minsu Kim , Mengye Ren , Yoshua Bengio , Sungjin Ahn

Scaling test-time compute has driven the recent advances in the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), typically by allocating additional computation for more thorough exploration. However, increased compute often comes at…

We present Bifocal RNN-T, a new variant of the Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) architecture designed for improved inference time latency on speech recognition tasks. The architecture enables a dynamic pivot for its runtime…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-08-05 Jonathan Macoskey , Grant P. Strimel , Ariya Rastrow

The lack of transparency in the decision-making processes of deep learning systems presents a significant challenge in modern artificial intelligence (AI), as it impairs users' ability to rely on and verify these systems. To address this…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved their reasoning abilities, particularly through techniques involving search and backtracking. Backtracking naturally scales test-time compute by enabling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Tian Qin , David Alvarez-Melis , Samy Jelassi , Eran Malach

Despite the prevalence of voting systems in the real world there is no consensus among researchers of how people vote strategically, even in simple voting settings. This paper addresses this gap by comparing different approaches that have…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2019-09-24 Roy Fairstein , Adam Lauz , Kobi Gal , Reshef Meir

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning ability through explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting, but generating these step-by-step textual explanations is computationally expensive and slow. To overcome this, we aim…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Chang Li , Yaren Zhang , Haoran Lv , Qiong Cao , Chao Xue , Xiaodong He

Test-time scaling has emerged as a promising paradigm in language modeling, leveraging additional computational resources at inference time to enhance model performance. In this work, we introduce R2-LLMs, a novel and versatile hierarchical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Alex ZH Dou , Zhongwei Wan , Dongfei Cui , Xin Wang , Jing Xiong , Haokun Lin , Chaofan Tao , Shen Yan , Mi Zhang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning is critical for improving the interpretability and reliability of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). However, existing training algorithms such as SFT, PPO, and GRPO may not generalize well across unseen…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Guohao Sun , Hang Hua , Jian Wang , Jiebo Luo , Sohail Dianat , Majid Rabbani , Raghuveer Rao , Zhiqiang Tao

Reinforcement learning is able to solve complex sequential decision-making tasks but is currently limited by sample efficiency and required computation. To improve sample efficiency, recent work focuses on model-based RL which interleaves…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-19 Yi Zhao , Wenshuai Zhao , Rinu Boney , Juho Kannala , Joni Pajarinen

Test-time compute scaling, the practice of spending extra computation during inference via repeated sampling, search, or extended reasoning, has become a powerful lever for improving large language model performance. Yet deploying these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zhiyuan Zhai , Bingcong Li , Bingnan Xiao , Ming Li , Xin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities by scaling test-time compute via long Chain-of-Thought (CoT). However, recent findings suggest that raw token counts are unreliable proxies for reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Wei-Lin Chen , Liqian Peng , Tian Tan , Chao Zhao , Blake JianHang Chen , Ziqian Lin , Alec Go , Yu Meng
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