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Gradient-based saliency methods such as Vanilla Gradient (VG) and Integrated Gradients (IG) are widely used to explain image classifiers, yet the resulting maps are often noisy and unstable, limiting their usefulness in high-stakes…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results in various pattern recognition tasks. However, they perform poorly on out-of-distribution adversarial examples i.e. inputs that are specifically crafted by an adversary to…

Adversarial examples reveal critical vulnerabilities in deep neural networks by exploiting their sensitivity to imperceptible input perturbations. While adversarial training remains the predominant defense strategy, it often incurs…

Transfer learning is often used to decrease the computational cost of model training, as fine-tuning a model allows a downstream task to leverage the features learned from the pre-training dataset and quickly adapt them to a new task. This…

In real-world classification tasks, each class often comprises multiple finer-grained "subclasses." As the subclass labels are frequently unavailable, models trained using only the coarser-grained class labels often exhibit highly variable…

Extensive efforts have been made to understand and improve the fairness of machine learning models based on observational metrics, especially in high-stakes domains such as medical insurance, education, and hiring decisions. However, there…

Unrestricted adversarial attacks aim to fool computer vision models without being constrained by $\ell_p$-norm bounds to remain imperceptible to humans, for example, by changing an object's color. This allows attackers to circumvent…

Randomized smoothing (RS) is a well known certified defense against adversarial attacks, which creates a smoothed classifier by predicting the most likely class under random noise perturbations of inputs during inference. While initial work…

The rapid evolution of generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models has made synthetic media increasingly realistic, raising societal concerns around misinformation, identity fraud, and digital trust. Existing deepfake…

Adversarial Training (AT) is one of the most effective methods to train robust Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). However, AT creates an inherent trade-off between clean accuracy and adversarial robustness, which is commonly attributed to the…

As neural network classifiers are deployed in real-world applications, it is crucial that their failures can be detected reliably. One practical solution is to assign confidence scores to each prediction, then use these scores to filter out…

Despite remarkable achievements in deep learning across various domains, its inherent vulnerability to adversarial examples still remains a critical concern for practical deployment. Adversarial training has emerged as one of the most…

Deep neural networks are incredibly vulnerable to crafted, human-imperceptible adversarial perturbations. Although adversarial training (AT) has proven to be an effective defense approach, we find that the AT-trained models heavily rely on…

As deep image classification applications, e.g., face recognition, become increasingly prevalent in our daily lives, their fairness issues raise more and more concern. It is thus crucial to comprehensively test the fairness of these…

As a research community, we are still lacking a systematic understanding of the progress on adversarial robustness which often makes it hard to identify the most promising ideas in training robust models. A key challenge in benchmarking…

Machine unlearning poses the challenge of ``how to eliminate the influence of specific data from a pretrained model'' in regard to privacy concerns. While prior research on approximated unlearning has demonstrated accuracy and efficiency in…

Federated learning is an emerging data-private distributed learning framework, which, however, is vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Although several heuristic defenses are proposed to enhance the robustness of federated learning, they do…

In recent years, it has been found that neural networks can be easily fooled by adversarial examples, which is a potential safety hazard in some safety-critical applications. Many researchers have proposed various method to make neural…

Adversarial attacks have the potential to mislead deep neural network classifiers by introducing slight perturbations. Developing algorithms that can mitigate the effects of these attacks is crucial for ensuring the safe use of artificial…

Large Language Models for Simulating Professions (SP-LLMs), particularly as teachers, are pivotal for personalized education. However, ensuring their professional competence and ethical safety is a critical challenge, as existing benchmarks…