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Current test-time scaling (TTS) techniques enhance large language model (LLM) performance by allocating additional computation at inference time, yet they remain insufficient for agentic settings, where actions directly interact with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Xingshan Zeng , Lingzhi Wang , Weiwen Liu , Liangyou Li , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Larger language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm with their massive multi-tasking capabilities simply by optimizing over a next-word prediction objective. With the emergence of their properties and encoded knowledge, the risk of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Autonomous coding agents are increasingly deployed as AI teammates in modern software engineering, independently authoring pull requests (PRs) that modify production code at scale. This study aims to systematically characterize how…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Xinye Zhao , Vinicius Carvalho Lopes , Beatrice Casey , Joanna C. S. Santos

Computer-use agents (CUAs) can now autonomously complete complex tasks in real digital environments, but when misled, they can also be used to automate harmful actions programmatically. Existing safety evaluations largely target explicit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Xuwei Ding , Skylar Zhai , Linxin Song , Jiate Li , Taiwei Shi , Nicholas Meade , Siva Reddy , Jian Kang , Jieyu Zhao

Authorizing Large Language Model (LLM)-driven agents to dynamically invoke tools and access protected resources introduces significant security risks, and the risks grow dramatically as agents engage in multi-turn conversations and scale…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Majed El Helou , Benjamin Ryder , Chiara Troiani , Jean Diaconu , Hervé Muyal , Marcelo Yannuzzi

Early prediction of students at risk (STAR) is an effective and significant means to provide timely intervention for dropout and suicide. Existing works mostly rely on either online or offline learning behaviors which are not comprehensive…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-06-09 Yu Yang , Zhiyuan Wen , Jiannong Cao , Jiaxing Shen , Hongzhi Yin , Xiaofang Zhou

Reinforcement learning is increasingly used to transform large language models into agentic systems that act over long horizons, invoke tools, and manage memory under partial observability. While recent work has demonstrated performance…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Ken Huang , Jerry Huang

Automatic Speech Scoring (ASS) is the computer-assisted evaluation of a candidate's speaking proficiency in a language. ASS systems face many challenges like open grammar, variable pronunciations, and unstructured or semi-structured…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-09-07 Yaman Kumar Singla , Avykat Gupta , Shaurya Bagga , Changyou Chen , Balaji Krishnamurthy , Rajiv Ratn Shah

Insider threats pose a significant challenge to organizational security, often evading traditional rule-based detection systems due to their subtlety and contextual nature. This paper presents an AI-powered Insider Risk Management (IRM)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-08 Lokesh Koli , Shubham Kalra , Rohan Thakur , Anas Saifi , Karanpreet Singh

Session-Based Recommenders (SBRs) aim to predict users' next preferences regard to their previous interactions in sessions while there is no historical information about them. Modern SBRs utilize deep neural networks to map users' current…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-12-18 Reza Yeganegi , Saman Haratizadeh

Test-time scaling has become an effective paradigm for improving the reasoning ability of large language models by allocating additional computation during inference. Recent structured approaches have further advanced this paradigm by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 George Wu , Nan Jing , Qing Yi , Chuan Hao , Ming Yang , Feng Chang , Yuan Wei , Jian Yang , Ran Tao , Bryan Dai

Multi-agent interaction is a fundamental aspect of autonomous driving in the real world. Despite more than a decade of research and development, the problem of how to competently interact with diverse road users in diverse scenarios remains…

As LLMs advance into autonomous agents with tool-use capabilities, they introduce security challenges that extend beyond traditional content-based LLM safety concerns. This paper introduces Sequential Tool Attack Chaining (STAC), a novel…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Jing-Jing Li , Jianfeng He , Chao Shang , Devang Kulshreshtha , Xun Xian , Yi Zhang , Hang Su , Sandesh Swamy , Yanjun Qi

Background: Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools purport to assist developers in detecting security issues in source code. These tools typically use rule-based approaches to scan source code for security vulnerabilities.…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-07-19 Roland Croft , Dominic Newlands , Ziyu Chen , M. Ali Babar

In this paper, we propose a novel SQL guided pre-training framework STAR for context-dependent text-to-SQL parsing, which leverages contextual information to enrich natural language (NL) utterance and table schema representations for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-31 Zefeng Cai , Xiangyu Li , Binyuan Hui , Min Yang , Bowen Li , Binhua Li , Zheng Cao , Weijie Li , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Yongbin Li

Autonomous UI agents powered by AI have tremendous potential to boost human productivity by automating routine tasks such as filing taxes and paying bills. However, a major challenge in unlocking their full potential is security, which is…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Ivan Evtimov , Arman Zharmagambetov , Aaron Grattafiori , Chuan Guo , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Reusable skills are becoming a common interface for extending large language model agents, packaging procedural guidance with access to files, tools, memory, and execution environments. However, this modularity introduces attack surfaces…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Chang Jin , An Wang , Zeming Wei , Kai Wang , Biaojie Zeng , Qiaosheng Zhang , Chao Yang , Jingjing Qu , Xia Hu , Xingcheng Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as tool-augmented agents for multi-step decision making, yet training robust tool-using agents remains challenging. Existing methods still require manual intervention, depend on…

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant promise as a knowledge source for task learning. Prompt engineering has been shown to be effective for eliciting knowledge from an LLM, but alone it is insufficient for acquiring relevant,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-21 James R. Kirk , Robert E. Wray , Peter Lindes , John E. Laird

The past ten years have witnessed the rapid development of text-based intent detection, whose benchmark performances have already been taken to a remarkable level by deep learning techniques. However, automatic speech recognition (ASR)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-24 Peilin Zhou , Dading Chong , Helin Wang , Qingcheng Zeng