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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly relied upon for complex workflows, yet their ability to maintain flow of instructions remains underexplored. Existing benchmarks conflate task complexity with structural ordering, making it…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Andrew Jaffe , Noah Reicin , Jinho D. Choi

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human values and generate safe text. However, an excessive focus on sensitivity to certain topics can compromise the model's robustness…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-29 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Anqi Li , Hongliang He , Zhenzhong Lan

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) often causes overfitting to specific prompt wording, where minor phrasing variations drastically reduce performance. To address this, we propose Prompt-Agnostic Fine-Tuning (PAFT), a method that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Chenxing Wei , Yao Shu , Mingwen Ou , Ying Tiffany He , Fei Richard Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated success in decision-making tasks including planning, control, and prediction, but their tendency to hallucinate unsafe and undesired outputs poses risks. This unwanted behavior is…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Neeloy Chakraborty , John Pohovey , Melkior Ornik , Katherine Driggs-Campbell

Recent Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable progress on task-specific benchmarks, yet their evaluation methods remain constrained by isolated problem-solving paradigms. Existing benchmarks predominantly assess…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Zhuoshi Pan , Qizhi Pei , Yu Li , Qiyao Sun , Zinan Tang , H. Vicky Zhao , Conghui He , Lijun Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes applications, making robust safety guarantees a central practical and commercial concern. Existing safety evaluations predominantly rely on fixed collections of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zafir Shamsi , Nikhil Chekuru , Zachary Guzman , Shivank Garg

The remarkable advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have not rendered them immune to challenges, particularly in the context of handling deceptive information in prompts, thus producing hallucinated responses under such…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Yusu Qian , Haotian Zhang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are prolonged, stealthy intrusions by skilled adversaries that compromise high-value systems to steal data or disrupt operations. Reconstructing complete attack chains from massive, heterogeneous logs is…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Rujie Dai , Peizhuo Lv , Yujiang Gui , Qiujian Lv , Yuanyuan Qiao , Yan Wang , Degang Sun , Weiqing Huang , Yingjiu Li , XiaoFeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are designed to align with human values in their responses. This study exploits LLMs with an iterative prompting technique where each prompt is systematically modified and refined across multiple iterations to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-27 Shih-Wen Ke , Guan-Yu Lai , Guo-Lin Fang , Hsi-Yuan Kao

As large language models are integrated into society, robustness toward a suite of prompts is increasingly important to maintain reliability in a high-variance environment.Robustness evaluations must comprehensively encapsulate the various…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Alex Mei , Sharon Levy , William Yang Wang

Safety alignment is a key requirement for building reliable Artificial General Intelligence. Despite significant advances in safety alignment, we observe that minor latent shifts can still trigger unsafe responses in aligned models. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Tianle Gu , Kexin Huang , Zongqi Wang , Yixu Wang , Jie Li , Yuanqi Yao , Yang Yao , Yujiu Yang , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang

We investigate a failure mode of large language models (LLMs) in which plain-text prompts elicit excessive outputs, a phenomenon we term Overflow. Unlike jailbreaks or prompt injection, Overflow arises under ordinary interaction settings…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Erin Feiglin , Nir Hutnik , Raz Lapid

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to a sophisticated form of adversarial prompting known as camouflaged jailbreaking. This method embeds malicious intent within seemingly benign language to evade existing safety…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Youjia Zheng , Mohammad Zandsalimy , Shanu Sushmita

Can safety analysis make use of Large Language Models (LLMs)? A case study explores Systems Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) applied to Automatic Emergency Brake (AEB) and Electricity Demand Side Management (DSM) systems using ChatGPT. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Yi Qi , Xingyu Zhao , Siddartha Khastgir , Xiaowei Huang

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering tasks is growing, especially in the areas of bug fixing and code generation. Nevertheless, these models often yield unstable results; when executed at different times with the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Mehmet Bilal Er , Nagehan İlhan , Umut Kuran

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically evaluated for safety under single-shot or low-budget adversarial prompting, which underestimates real-world risk. In practice, attackers can exploit large-scale parallel sampling to repeatedly…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Mingqian Feng , Xiaodong Liu , Weiwei Yang , Chenliang Xu , Christopher White , Jianfeng Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) require careful safety alignment to prevent malicious outputs. While significant research focuses on mitigating harmful content generation, the enhanced safety often come with the side effect of over-refusal,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Justin Cui , Wei-Lin Chiang , Ion Stoica , Cho-Jui Hsieh

The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies heavily on the quality of prompts, which are often manually engineered and task-specific, making them costly and non-scalable. We propose a novel approach, Supervisory Prompt Training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Jean Ghislain Billa , Min Oh , Liang Du

We systematically evaluate the reproducibility of data analysis conducted by Large Language Models (LLMs). We evaluate two prompting strategies, six models, and four temperature settings, with ten independent executions per configuration,…

应用统计 · 统计学 2026-02-17 Jiaxin Cui , Rohan Alexander

The widespread adoption of web applications has made their security a critical concern and has increased the need for systematic ways to assess whether they can be considered trustworthy. However, "trust" assessment remains an open problem…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Oleksandr Yarotskyi , José D'Abruzzo Pereira , João R. Campos