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Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for reasoning in language models, with GRPO as its primary example. However, GRPO requires continuous online rollout generation, making it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Richa Verma , Balaraman Ravindran

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has significantly enhanced the reasoning capability of large language models by optimizing the arithmetic mean of token-level rewards. Unfortunately, GRPO is observed to suffer from unstable policy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Yuzhong Zhao , Yue Liu , Junpeng Liu , Jingye Chen , Xun Wu , Yaru Hao , Tengchao Lv , Shaohan Huang , Lei Cui , Qixiang Ye , Fang Wan , Furu Wei

Recently, GRPO-based reinforcement learning has shown remarkable progress in optimizing flow-matching models, effectively improving their alignment with task-specific rewards. Within these frameworks, the policy update relies on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Jing Wang , Jiajun Liang , Jie Liu , Henglin Liu , Gongye Liu , Jun Zheng , Wanyuan Pang , Ao Ma , Zhenyu Xie , Xintao Wang , Meng Wang , Pengfei Wan , Xiaodan Liang

We introduce Self-correction Relative Policy Optimization (ScRPO), a novel reinforcement learning framework designed to empower large language models with advanced mathematical reasoning capabilities through iterative self-reflection and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Lianrui Li , Dakuan Lu , Jiawei Shao , Xuelong Li

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has proven highly effective in enhancing the alignment capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current adaptations of GRPO for the flow matching-based image generation neglect a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Yawen Shao , Jie Xiao , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer a promising route to parallel and efficient text generation, but improving their reasoning ability requires effective post-training. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Zichao Yu , Shengze Xu , Bingqing Jiang , Wenyi Zhang , Difan Zou

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a powerful paradigm for improving language models on reasoning-intensive tasks, but its effectiveness is often limited by exploration. For example, models often fail on hard…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Ruitao Liu , Qinghao Hu , Alex Hu , Yecheng Wu , Shang Yang , Luke J. Huang , Zhuoyang Zhang , Han Cai , Song Han

Reinforcement learning (RL) is widely used for post-training large language models (LLMs) in code editing, where group-relative methods, such as GRPO, are popular due to their critic-free and normalized advantage estimation. However, in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Jianqing Zhang , Zhezheng Hao , Wei Xia , Hande Dong , Hong Wang , Chenxing Wei , Yuyan Zhou , Yubin Qi , Qiang Lin , Jian Cao

Recent work on enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) has introduced explicit length control as a means of constraining computational cost while preserving accuracy. However, existing approaches rely on…

Policy optimization methods like Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) and its variants have achieved strong results on mathematical reasoning and code generation tasks. Despite extensive exploration of reward processing strategies and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Rui Yuan , Mykola Khandoga , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as a promising approach for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models. However, it struggles to effectively balance the tradeoff between exploration and exploitation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Cheng Wang , Qin Liu , Wenxuan Zhou , Muhao Chen

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has proven to be a highly effective strategy for endowing Large Language Models (LLMs) with robust multi-step reasoning abilities. However, its design and optimizations remain tailored…

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has proven to be an effective tool for post-training language models (LMs). However, AI systems are increasingly expressed as modular programs that mix together multiple LM calls with distinct…

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has been shown to be an effective algorithm when an accurate reward model is available. However, such a highly reliable reward model is not available in many real-world tasks. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Yuki Ichihara , Yuu Jinnai , Tetsuro Morimura , Mitsuki Sakamoto , Ryota Mitsuhashi , Eiji Uchibe

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), recently introduced by DeepSeek, is a critic-free reinforcement learning algorithm for fine-tuning large language models. GRPO replaces the value function in Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Lei Pang , Jun Luo , Ruinan Jin

While Reinforcement Learning (RL) shows promise in training tool-use Large Language Models (LLMs) using verifiable outcome rewards, existing methods largely overlook the potential of reasoning rewards based on chain-of-thought quality for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Zihan Lin , Xiaohan Wang , Hexiong Yang , Jiajun Chai , Jie Cao , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Ran He

Recent reinforcement learning has enhanced the flow matching models on human preference alignment. While stochastic sampling enables the exploration of denoising directions, existing methods which optimize over multiple denoising steps…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Shengjun Zhang , Zhang Zhang , Chensheng Dai , Yueqi Duan

RLVR has enhanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various tasks. However, GRPO, a representative RLVR algorithm, suffers from a critical limitation: when all responses within a group are either entirely…

Self-Distillation Policy Optimization (SDPO) provides dense token-level credit assignment for reinforcement learning with large language models by leveraging the model's own feedback-conditioned predictions as a self-teacher. Unlike GRPO,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Zehao Liu , Yuanpu Cao , Jinghui Chen , Vasant G. Honavar

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is pivotal for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning, yet mainstream algorithms such as GRPO and DAPO remain constrained by a coarse-grained credit assignment paradigm, where all tokens within the same…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Hongze Tan , Zihan Wang , Jianfei Pan , Jinghao Lin , Hao Wang , Yifan Wu , Tao Chen , Zhihang Zheng , Zhihao Tang , Haihua Yang