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Large reasoning models (LRMs) have achieved strong performance enhancement through scaling test time computation, but due to the inherent limitations of the underlying language models, they still have shortcomings in tasks that require…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Ruotao Xu , Yixin Ji , Yu Luo , Jinpeng Li , Dong Li , Peifeng Li , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) can enhance their reasoning capabilities by using external tools. However, many tasks lack predefined tools. Prior works have explored instructing LLMs to generate tools on their own, but such approaches depend…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Xiao Liu , Da Yin , Zirui Wu , Yansong Feng

Contemporary recommendation systems predominantly rely on ID embedding to capture latent associations among users and items. However, this approach overlooks the wealth of semantic information embedded within textual descriptions of items,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Jian Jia , Yipei Wang , Yan Li , Honggang Chen , Xuehan Bai , Zhaocheng Liu , Jian Liang , Quan Chen , Han Li , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) incur substantial inference costs due to the processing of a vast number of visual tokens. Existing methods typically struggle to model progressive visual token reduction as a multi-step decision process…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Sihan Cao , Jianwei Zhang , Pengcheng Zheng , Jiaxin Yan , Caiyan Qin , Yalan Ye , Wei Dong , Peng Wang , Yang Yang , Chaoning Zhang

Despite its notable success in adversarial learning approaches to multi-domain task-oriented dialog system, training the dialog policy via adversarial inverse reinforcement learning often fails to balance the performance of the policy…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-06-02 Jeiyoon Park , Chanhee Lee , Kuekyeng Kim , Heuiseok Lim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating up-to-date external knowledge, yet real-world web environments present unique challenges. These limitations manifest as two key challenges: pervasive…

Train timetable rescheduling (TTR) aims to promptly restore the original operation of trains after unexpected disturbances or disruptions. Currently, this work is still done manually by train dispatchers, which is challenging to maintain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Peng Yue , Yaochu Jin , Xuewu Dai , Zhenhua Feng , Dongliang Cui

Reinforcement learning based fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) on human preferences has been shown to enhance both their capabilities and safety behavior. However, in cases related to safety, without precise instructions to human…

While large-scale pretrained language models have obtained impressive results when fine-tuned on a wide variety of tasks, they still often suffer from overfitting in low-resource scenarios. Since such models are general-purpose feature…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-11 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , Yonatan Belinkov , James Henderson

Teaching language models to use tools is an important milestone towards building general assistants, but remains an open problem. While there has been significant progress on learning to use specific tools via fine-tuning, language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-14 Dheeraj Mekala , Jason Weston , Jack Lanchantin , Roberta Raileanu , Maria Lomeli , Jingbo Shang , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

Prompt optimization improves the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) without requiring parameter updates to the target model. Following heuristic-based "Think step by step" approaches, the field has evolved in two main…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Andreea Nica , Ivan Zakazov , Nicolas Mario Baldwin , Saibo Geng , Robert West

Tool-augmented language models have demonstrated strong capabilities, but their reliance on live API access creates scalability and reliability challenges during training and deployment. We propose MTR, a simulation-first training framework…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Chenpeng Wang , Xiaojie Cheng , Chunye Wang , Linfeng Yang , Lei Zhang

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with browsing tools substantially improves their potential as deep search agents to solve complex, real-world tasks. Yet, open LLMs still perform poorly in such settings due to limited long-horizon…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Rui Lu , Zhenyu Hou , Zihan Wang , Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Yujiang Li , Shi Feng , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Modern recommender systems aim to deeply understand users' complex preferences through their past interactions. While deep collaborative filtering approaches using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel at capturing user-item relationships,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Yangqin Jiang , Yuhao Yang , Lianghao Xia , Da Luo , Kangyi Lin , Chao Huang

Existing tool-learning methods usually rely on supervised fine-tuning, they often overlook fine-grained optimization of internal tool call details, leading to limitations in preference alignment and error discrimination. To overcome these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Chengrui Huang , Shen Gao , Zhengliang Shi , Dongsheng Wang , Shuo Shang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into education offers significant potential to enhance accessibility and engagement, yet their high computational demands limit usability in low-resource settings, exacerbating educational…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Juan Segundo Hevia , Facundo Arredondo , Vishesh Kumar

Locating files and functions requiring modification in large software repositories is challenging due to their scale and structural complexity. Existing LLM-based methods typically treat this as a repository-level retrieval task and rely on…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful approach to mitigate large language model (LLM) hallucinations by incorporating external knowledge retrieval. However, existing RAG frameworks often apply retrieval…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Jinyan Su , Jennifer Healey , Preslav Nakov , Claire Cardie

Conventional recommender systems (RSs) face challenges in precisely capturing users' fine-grained preferences. Large language models (LLMs) have shown capabilities in commonsense reasoning and leveraging external tools that may help address…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Yuyue Zhao , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang , Wei Tang , Dingxian Wang , Maarten de Rijke

Reward models (RMs) play a critical role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Yet in the domain of tool learning, the lack of RMs specifically designed for function-calling tasks has limited progress toward more…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Renhao Li , Jianhong Tu , Yang Su , Yantao Liu , Fei Huang , Hamid Alinejad-Rokny , Derek F. Wong , Junyang Lin , Min Yang