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Large language models show impressive abilities in memorizing world knowledge, which leads to concerns regarding memorization of private information, toxic or sensitive knowledge, and copyrighted content. We introduce the problem of Large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Yu Wang , Ruihan Wu , Zexue He , Xiusi Chen , Julian McAuley

Privacy protection laws, such as the GDPR, grant individuals the right to request the forgetting of their personal data not only from databases but also from machine learning (ML) models trained on them. Machine unlearning has emerged as a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Najeeb Jebreel , David Sánchez

Current unlearning methods for large language models usually rely on reverse optimization to reduce target token probabilities. However, this paradigm disrupts the subsequent tokens prediction, degrading model performance and linguistic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Haoming Xu , Ningyuan Zhao , Liming Yang , Sendong Zhao , Shumin Deng , Mengru Wang , Bryan Hooi , Nay Oo , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Large language models trained on web-scale corpora can memorize undesirable data containing misinformation, copyrighted material, or private or sensitive information. Recently, several machine unlearning algorithms have been proposed to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Keivan Rezaei , Khyathi Chandu , Soheil Feizi , Yejin Choi , Faeze Brahman , Abhilasha Ravichander

Recent advances in large reasoning models (LRMs) have enabled strong chain-of-thought (CoT) generation through test-time computation. While these multi-step reasoning capabilities represent a major milestone in language model performance,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Changsheng Wang , Chongyu Fan , Yihua Zhang , Jinghan Jia , Dennis Wei , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Sijia Liu

With the passage of the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) regulations and the scaling up of language model training datasets, research on model unlearning in large language models (LLMs) has become more crucial. Before the era of LLMs, machine…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Bichen Wang , Yuzhe Zi , Yixin Sun , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) often inherit biases from vast amounts of training corpora. Traditional debiasing methods, while effective to some extent, do not completely eliminate memorized biases and toxicity in LLMs. In this paper, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-25 Huimin Lu , Masaru Isonuma , Junichiro Mori , Ichiro Sakata

Machine unlearning is an emerging technology that has come to attract widespread attention. A number of factors, including regulations and laws, privacy, and usability concerns, have resulted in this need to allow a trained model to forget…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Wei Zhao

Understanding and shaping the behaviour of Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly important as applications become more powerful and more frequently adopted. This paper introduces a machine unlearning method specifically designed for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-25 Nicholas Pochinkov , Nandi Schoots

Large language models (LLMs) risk retaining sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful information from their training data. Entity-level unlearning addresses this issue by removing all knowledge of a specific entity while preserving the model's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Xiaoqi Han , Víctor Gutiérrez-Basulto , Ru Li , Xiaoli Li , Jiye Liang , Jeff Z. Pan

Large language models (LLMs) inherently absorb harmful knowledge, misinformation, and personal data during pretraining on large-scale web corpora, with no native mechanism for selective removal. While machine unlearning offers a principled…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Jagadeesh Rachapudi , Pranav Singh , Ritali Vatsi , Praful Hambarde , Amit Shukla

Machine Unlearning (MUL) is crucial for privacy protection and content regulation, yet recent studies reveal that traces of forgotten information persist in unlearned models, enabling adversaries to resurface removed knowledge. Existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Hao Xuan , Xingyu Li

Large Language Models' knowledge of how to perform cyber-security attacks, create bioweapons, and manipulate humans poses risks of misuse. Previous work has proposed methods to unlearn this knowledge. Historically, it has been unclear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Aghyad Deeb , Fabien Roger

Machine unlearning, a novel area within artificial intelligence, focuses on addressing the challenge of selectively forgetting or reducing undesirable knowledge or behaviors in machine learning models, particularly in the context of large…

Robust unlearning is crucial for safely deploying large language models (LLMs) in environments where data privacy, model safety, and regulatory compliance must be ensured. Yet the task is inherently challenging, partly due to difficulties…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Vineeth Dorna , Anmol Mekala , Wenlong Zhao , Andrew McCallum , Zachary C. Lipton , J. Zico Kolter , Pratyush Maini

Recent advances in machine learning, particularly in Natural Language Processing (NLP), have produced powerful models trained on vast datasets. However, these models risk leaking sensitive information, raising privacy concerns. In response,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Haoyu Tang , Ye Liu , Xi Zhao , Xukai Liu , Yanghai Zhang , Kai Zhang , Xiaofang Zhou , Enhong Chen

Knowledge erasure in large language models (LLMs) is important for ensuring compliance with data and AI regulations, safeguarding user privacy, mitigating bias, and misinformation. Existing unlearning methods aim to make the process of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Yash Sinha , Manit Baser , Murari Mandal , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Mohan Kankanhalli

Large language model (LLM) unlearning has become a critical mechanism for removing undesired data, knowledge, or behaviors from pre-trained models while retaining their general utility. Yet, with the rise of open-weight LLMs, we ask: can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Bingqi Shang , Yiwei Chen , Yihua Zhang , Bingquan Shen , Sijia Liu

In education data mining (EDM) communities, machine learning has achieved remarkable success in discovering patterns and structures to tackle educational challenges. Notably, fairness and algorithmic bias have gained attention in learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Wei Qian , Aobo Chen , Chenxu Zhao , Yangyi Li , Mengdi Huai

Machine Unlearning (MU) has recently gained considerable attention due to its potential to achieve Safe AI by removing the influence of specific data from trained Machine Learning (ML) models. This process, known as knowledge removal,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Ziyao Liu , Huanyi Ye , Chen Chen , Yongsen Zheng , Kwok-Yan Lam