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Transformer-based architectures achieve state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of tasks in natural language processing, computer vision, and speech processing. However, their immense capacity often leads to overfitting, especially…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Mirza Samad Ahmed Baig , Syeda Anshrah Gillani , Abdul Akbar Khan , Shahid Munir Shah , Muhammad Omer Khan

The ability to decompose complex natural scenes into meaningful object-centric abstractions lies at the core of human perception and reasoning. In the recent culmination of unsupervised object-centric learning, the Slot-Attention module has…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-02-13 Baoxiong Jia , Yu Liu , Siyuan Huang

Initially introduced as a machine translation model, the Transformer architecture has now become the foundation for modern deep learning architecture, with applications in a wide range of fields, from computer vision to natural language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Martin Courtois , Malte Ostendorff , Leonhard Hennig , Georg Rehm

In deep learning theory, the covariance matrix of the representations serves as a proxy to examine the network's trainability. Motivated by the success of Transformers, we study the covariance matrix of a modified Softmax-based attention…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-12-12 Lorenzo Noci , Chuning Li , Mufan Bill Li , Bobby He , Thomas Hofmann , Chris Maddison , Daniel M. Roy

Attention mechanisms have become integral in AI, significantly enhancing model performance and scalability by drawing inspiration from human cognition. Concurrently, the Attention Schema Theory (AST) in cognitive science posits that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Krati Saxena , Federico Jurado Ruiz , Guido Manzi , Dianbo Liu , Alex Lamb

The quadratic computation complexity of self-attention has been a persistent challenge when applying Transformer models to vision tasks. Linear attention, on the other hand, offers a much more efficient alternative with its linear…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-04 Dongchen Han , Xuran Pan , Yizeng Han , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Transformer models have achieved remarkable results in a wide range of applications. However, their scalability is hampered by the quadratic time and memory complexity of the self-attention mechanism concerning the sequence length. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Yury Nahshan , Joseph Kampeas , Emir Haleva

The attention module is the key component in Transformers. While the global attention mechanism offers high expressiveness, its excessive computational cost restricts its applicability in various scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Dongchen Han , Tianzhu Ye , Yizeng Han , Zhuofan Xia , Siyuan Pan , Pengfei Wan , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

The quadratic computational cost of the self-attention mechanism is a primary challenge in scaling Transformer models. While attention sparsity is widely studied as a technique to improve computational efficiency, it is almost universally…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Sagar Gandhi , Vishal Gandhi

At the core of the Transformer, the softmax normalizes the attention matrix to be right stochastic. Previous research has shown that this often de-stabilizes training and that enforcing the attention matrix to be doubly stochastic (through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Jannis Born , Filip Skogh , Kahn Rhrissorrakrai , Filippo Utro , Nico Wagner , Aleksandros Sobczyk

The attention mechanism is the computational core of modern Transformer architectures, but its quadratic complexity in the input sequence length is the bottleneck for large-scale inference. This has motivated a rapidly growing body of work…

Transformers have achieved significant success across various domains, relying on self-attention to capture dependencies. However, the standard first-order attention mechanism is often limited by a low-rank bottleneck, struggling to capture…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Hanting Chen , Chong Zhu , Kai Han , Yuchuan Tian , Yuchen Liang , Tianyu Guo , Xinghao Chen , Dacheng Tao , Yunhe Wang

At the core of the popular Transformer architecture is the self-attention mechanism, which dynamically assigns softmax weights to each input token so that the model can focus on the most salient information. However, the softmax structure…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Fanqi Yan , Huy Nguyen , Pedram Akbarian , Nhat Ho , Alessandro Rinaldo

The success of Transformer language models is widely credited to their dot-product attention mechanism, which interweaves a set of key design principles: mixing information across positions (enabling multi-token interactions),…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Huiyin Xue , Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Nikolaos Aletras

The original softmax-based attention mechanism (regular attention) in the extremely successful Transformer architecture computes attention between $N$ tokens, each embedded in a $D$-dimensional head, with a time complexity of $O(N^2D)$.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Armin Gerami , Ramani Duraiswami

Transformers have revolutionized deep learning in numerous fields, including natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. Their strength lies in their attention mechanism, which allows for the discovering of complex…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Uladzislau Yorsh , Martin Holeňa , Ondřej Bojar , David Herel

Transformers have had tremendous impact for several sequence related tasks, largely due to their ability to retrieve from any part of the sequence via softmax based dot-product attention. This mechanism plays a crucial role in Transformer's…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Sai Surya Duvvuri , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Attention mechanisms represent a fundamental paradigm shift in neural network architectures, enabling models to selectively focus on relevant portions of input sequences through learned weighting functions. This monograph provides a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Hasi Hays

Multimodal learning faces challenges in effectively fusing information from diverse modalities, especially when modality quality varies across samples. Dynamic fusion strategies, such as attention mechanism in Transformers, aim to address…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Haotian Ni , Yake Wei , Hang Liu , Gong Chen , Chong Peng , Hao Lin , Di Hu

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) plays a key role in advancing human-computer interaction. Attention mechanisms have become the dominant approach for modeling emotional speech due to their ability to capture long-range dependencies and…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-17 Marc Casals-Salvador , Federico Costa , Rodolfo Zevallos , Javier Hernando