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Pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for addressing open-domain Question Answering (QA). While they exhibit high accuracy in answering questions related to common knowledge, LLMs encounter difficulties…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Rohan Kumar , Youngmin Kim , Sunitha Ravi , Haitian Sun , Christos Faloutsos , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Minji Yoon

Language models (LMs) have made remarkable progress, but still struggle to generalize beyond the training data to rare linguistic patterns. Since rare entities and facts are prevalent in the queries users submit to popular applications such…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-10-19 Simran Arora , Sen Wu , Enci Liu , Christopher Re

Entity Linking (EL) plays a crucial role in Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, enabling the disambiguation of entity mentions by linking them to their corresponding entries in a reference knowledge base (KB). Thanks to their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-07 Marta Boscariol , Luana Bulla , Lia Draetta , Beatrice Fiumanò , Emanuele Lenzi , Leonardo Piano

Recent neural models have shown significant progress in dialogue generation. Most generation models are based on language models. However, due to the Long Tail Phenomenon in linguistics, the trained models tend to generate words that appear…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-05 Zhiqiang Zhan , Zifeng Hou , Yang Zhang

Due to their capacity to acquire world knowledge from large corpora, pre-trained language models (PLMs) are extensively used in ultra-fine entity typing tasks where the space of labels is extremely large. In this work, we explore the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Advait Deshmukh , Ashwin Umadi , Dananjay Srinivas , Maria Leonor Pacheco

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on web-scale corpora that exhibit steep power-law distributions, in which the distribution of knowledge is highly long-tailed, with most appearing infrequently. While scaling has improved…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Sanket Badhe , Deep Shah , Nehal Kathrotia

Multilingual Natural Language Generation (NLG) is challenging due to the lack of training data for low-resource languages. However, some low-resource languages have up to tens of millions of speakers globally, making it important to improve…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-22 Aden Haussmann

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate narrative content, including children's stories, which play an important role in social and cultural learning. Despite growing interest in AI safety and alignment, most existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yuxuan Ouyang , yingfeng luo , JingBo Zhu , Tong Xiao

Recent work in Natural Language Processing and Computer Vision has been using textual information -- e.g., entity names and descriptions -- available in knowledge graphs to ground neural models to high-quality structured data. However, when…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-11-28 Simone Conia , Min Li , Daniel Lee , Umar Farooq Minhas , Ihab Ilyas , Yunyao Li

Table-to-text generation (insight generation from tables) is a challenging task that requires precision in analyzing the data. In addition, the evaluation of existing benchmarks is affected by contamination of Large Language Model (LLM)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Kristýna Onderková , Ondřej Plátek , Zdeněk Kasner , Ondřej Dušek

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense potential across various tasks. However, research for exploring and improving the capabilities of LLMs in interpreting graph structures remains limited. To address this gap, we conduct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Jie He , Yijun Yang , Wanqiu Long , Deyi Xiong , Victor Gutierrez-Basulto , Jeff Z. Pan

A challenge for named entity disambiguation (NED), the task of mapping textual mentions to entities in a knowledge base, is how to disambiguate entities that appear rarely in the training data, termed tail entities. Humans use subtle…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-26 Laurel Orr , Megan Leszczynski , Simran Arora , Sen Wu , Neel Guha , Xiao Ling , Christopher Re

Entity alignment (EA) is to discover equivalent entities in knowledge graphs (KGs), which bridges heterogeneous sources of information and facilitates the integration of knowledge. Existing EA solutions mainly rely on structural information…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-05-26 Weixin Zeng , Xiang Zhao , Wei Wang , Jiuyang Tang , Zhen Tan

LLMs have shown impressive progress in natural language processing. However, they still face significant challenges in TableQA, where real-world complexities such as diverse table structures, multilingual data, and domain-specific reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Junnan Zhu , Jingyi Wang , Bohan Yu , Xiaoyu Wu , Junbo Li , Lei Wang , Nan Xu

Natural language understanding (NLU) has made massive progress driven by large benchmarks, but benchmarks often leave a long tail of infrequent phenomena underrepresented. We reflect on the question: have transfer learning methods…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-06-07 Aakanksha Naik , Jill Lehman , Carolyn Rose

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has redefined Machine Translation (MT), enabling context-aware and fluent translations across hundreds of languages and textual domains. Despite their remarkable capabilities, LLMs often exhibit…

Despite their impressive scale, knowledge bases (KBs), such as Wikidata, still contain significant gaps. Language models (LMs) have been proposed as a source for filling these gaps. However, prior works have focused on prominent entities…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-03 Lihu Chen , Simon Razniewski , Gerhard Weikum

Long-tailed data distributions pose challenges for a variety of domains like e-commerce, finance, biomedical science, and cyber security, where the performance of machine learning models is often dominated by head categories while tail…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Haohui Wang , Weijie Guan , Jianpeng Chen , Zi Wang , Dawei Zhou

Knowledge graphs have emerged as a popular method for injecting up-to-date, factual knowledge into large language models (LLMs). This is typically achieved by converting the knowledge graph into text that the LLM can process in context.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Elan Markowitz , Krupa Galiya , Greg Ver Steeg , Aram Galstyan

Long-tailed data is a special type of multi-class imbalanced data with a very large amount of minority/tail classes that have a very significant combined influence. Long-tailed learning aims to build high-performance models on datasets with…

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