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Large language model (LLM) inference demands significant amount of computation and memory, especially in the key attention mechanism. While techniques, such as quantization and acceleration algorithms, like FlashAttention, have improved…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Hao Kang , Srikant Bharadwaj , James Hensman , Tushar Krishna , Victor Ruhle , Saravan Rajmohan

Key-Value (KV) cache facilitates efficient large language models (LLMs) inference by avoiding recomputation of past KVs. As the batch size and context length increase, the oversized KV caches become a significant memory bottleneck,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Zunhai Su , Zhe Chen , Wang Shen , Hanyu Wei , Linge Li , Huangqi Yu , Kehong Yuan

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) holds the promise in reducing the prohibitive computational cost at inference time. Quantization of all weight, activation and key-value (KV) cache tensors to 4-bit without…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Utkarsh Saxena , Sayeh Sharify , Kaushik Roy , Xin Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across reasoning, generation, and decision-making tasks, yet deploying them on mobile, embedded, and edge devices remains particularly challenging. On-device LLM inference is…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Sayed Pedram Haeri Boroujeni , Niloufar Mehrabi , Patrick Woods , Gabriel Hillesheim , Abolfazl Razi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been emerging as prominent AI models for solving many natural language tasks due to their high performance (e.g., accuracy) and capabilities in generating high-quality responses to the given inputs.…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra , Pasindu Wickramasinghe , Muhammad Shafique

Large Language Models (LLMs) with multimodal capabilities have revolutionized vision-language tasks, but their deployment often requires huge memory and computational resources. While post-training quantization (PTQ) has successfully…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Shubhang Bhatnagar , Andy Xu , Kar-Han Tan , Narendra Ahuja

Recent advancements in unsupervised protein language models (ProteinLMs), like ESM-1b and ESM-2, have shown promise in different protein prediction tasks. However, these models face challenges due to their high computational demands,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Shuang Peng , Fei Yang , Ning Sun , Sheng Chen , Yanfeng Jiang , Aimin Pan

The key-value (KV) cache accelerates LLMs decoding by storing KV tensors from previously generated tokens. It reduces redundant computation at the cost of increased memory usage. To mitigate this overhead, existing approaches compress KV…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Hao Wang , Ligong Han , Kai Xu , Akash Srivastava

We introduce a method that dramatically reduces fine-tuning VRAM requirements and rectifies quantization errors in quantized Large Language Models. First, we develop an extremely memory-efficient fine-tuning (EMEF) method for quantized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Yuji Chai , John Gkountouras , Glenn G. Ko , David Brooks , Gu-Yeon Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial memory requirements and the computational demands of auto-regressive text generation process. This paper addresses these challenges by focusing on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-21 Yuxuan Yue , Zhihang Yuan , Haojie Duanmu , Sifan Zhou , Jianlong Wu , Liqiang Nie

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) to extremely low bit-widths remains challenging due to the fundamental trade-off between computational efficiency and representational capacity. While existing ultra-low-bit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 He Xiao , Runming Yang , Qingyao Yang , Wendong Xu , Zhen Li , Yupeng Su , Zhengwu Liu , Hongxia Yang , Ngai Wong

The rapid scaling of language models (LMs) has resulted in unprecedented computational, memory, and energy requirements, making their training and deployment increasingly unsustainable. Quantization has emerged as an essential compression…

Large language models (LLMs) based on Transformer Decoders have become the preferred choice for conversational generative AI. Despite the overall superiority of the Decoder architecture, the gradually increasing Key-Value (KV) cache during…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Luohe Shi , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Guoming Liu , Baoyuan Qi , Hai Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks. However, their practical application is constrained by substantial memory and computational demands. Post-training quantization (PTQ) is considered an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Chao Zeng , Songwei Liu , Yusheng Xie , Hong Liu , Xiaojian Wang , Miao Wei , Shu Yang , Fangmin Chen , Xing Mei

Recently, significant progress has been made in developing reasoning-capable Large Language Models (LLMs) through long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) techniques. However, this long-CoT reasoning process imposes substantial memory overhead due to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Tengxuan Liu , Shiyao Li , Jiayi Yang , Tianchen Zhao , Feng Zhou , Xiaohui Song , Guohao Dai , Shengen Yan , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

The increasing memory demand of the Key-Value (KV) cache poses a significant bottleneck for Large Language Models (LLMs) in long-context applications. Existing low-rank KV compression methods reduce this footprint by modifying model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Shiyu Ji , Yixuan Wang , Yijun Liu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across tasks, but face storage and compute challenges on edge devices. We propose EntroLLM, a compression framework combining mixed quantization and entropy coding to reduce storage…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Arnab Sanyal , Gourav Datta , Prithwish Mukherjee , Sandeep P. Chinchali , Michael Orshansky

Large Language Models are increasingly being deployed in datacenters. Serving these models requires careful memory management, as their memory usage includes static weights, dynamic activations, and key-value caches. While static weights…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Jiale Xu , Rui Zhang , Yi Xiong , Cong Guo , Zihan Liu , Yangjie Zhou , Weiming Hu , Hao Wu , Changxu Shao , Ziqing Wang , Yongjie Yuan , Junping Zhao , Minyi Guo , Jingwen Leng

As the size of large language models (LLMs) continues to grow, model compression without sacrificing accuracy has become a crucial challenge for deployment. While some quantization methods, such as GPTQ, have made progress in achieving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Liang Li , Qingyuan Li , Bo Zhang , Xiangxiang Chu

Mixed-precision inference techniques reduce the memory and computational demands of Large Language Models (LLMs) by applying hybrid precision formats to model weights, activations, and KV caches. However, existing systems struggle to (i)…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Li Zhang , Youhe Jiang , Guoliang He , Xin Chen , Han Lv , Qian Yao , Ningsheng Ma , Fangcheng Fu , Kai Chen
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