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In-context learning with large language models (LLMs) excels at adapting to various tasks rapidly. However, its success hinges on carefully selecting demonstrations, which remains an obstacle in practice. Current approaches to this problem…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-15 Shangqing Xu , Chao Zhang

In-context learning (ICL) is now a common method for teaching large language models (LLMs) new tasks: given labeled examples in the input context, the LLM learns to perform the task without weight updates. Do models guided via ICL infer the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-11 Aaron Mueller , Albert Webson , Jackson Petty , Tal Linzen

We study the phenomenon of \textit{in-context learning} (ICL) exhibited by large language models, where they can adapt to a new learning task, given a handful of labeled examples, without any explicit parameter optimization. Our goal is to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Jacob Abernethy , Alekh Agarwal , Teodor V. Marinov , Manfred K. Warmuth

Large language models (LLMs) excel at a range of tasks through in-context learning (ICL), where only a few task examples guide their predictions. However, prior research highlights that LLMs often overlook input-label mapping information in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Yuanxin Ouyang , Meng Fang , Yancheng Yuan , Dacheng Tao

Fine-tuning large language models is becoming ever more impractical due to their rapidly-growing scale. This motivates the use of parameter-efficient adaptation methods such as prompt tuning (PT), which adds a small number of tunable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-23 Simeng Sun , Yang Liu , Dan Iter , Chenguang Zhu , Mohit Iyyer

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to achieve rapid task adaptation by learning from demonstrations. With the increase in available context length of LLMs, recent experiments have shown that the performance of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Peiwen Yuan , Shaoxiong Feng , Yiwei Li , Xinglin Wang , Yueqi Zhang , Chuyi Tan , Boyuan Pan , Heda Wang , Yao Hu , Kan Li

In-Context Learning (ICL) emerges as a key feature for Large Language Models (LLMs), allowing them to adapt to new tasks by leveraging task-specific examples without updating model parameters. However, ICL faces challenges with increasing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Chengsong Huang , Langlin Huang , Jiaxin Huang

In-context learning enables language models (LM) to adapt to downstream data or tasks by incorporating few samples as demonstrations within the prompts. It offers strong performance without the expense of fine-tuning. However, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Jian Gu , Aldeida Aleti , Chunyang Chen , Hongyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capacity for in-context learning (ICL), where learning a new task from just a few training examples is done without being explicitly pre-trained. However, despite the success of LLMs, there…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Xindi Wang , Yufei Wang , Can Xu , Xiubo Geng , Bowen Zhang , Chongyang Tao , Frank Rudzicz , Robert E. Mercer , Daxin Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great performance in few-shot In-Context Learning (ICL) for a variety of generative and discriminative chemical design tasks. The newly expanded context windows of LLMs can further improve ICL…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on downstream tasks by in-context learning (ICL), which heavily relies on the quality of demonstrations selected from a large set of annotated examples. Recent works claim that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Hongfu Gao , Feipeng Zhang , Wenyu Jiang , Jun Shu , Feng Zheng , Hongxin Wei

Recent interest has surged in employing Large Language Models (LLMs) for machine translation (MT) via in-context learning (ICL) (Vilar et al., 2023). Most prior studies primarily focus on optimizing translation quality, with limited…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Pranjal A. Chitale , Jay Gala , Raj Dabre

In-context learning (ICL, also known as few-shot prompting) has been the standard method of adapting LLMs to downstream tasks, by learning from a few input-output examples. Nonetheless, all ICL-based approaches only learn from correct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-13 Tianjun Zhang , Aman Madaan , Luyu Gao , Steven Zheng , Swaroop Mishra , Yiming Yang , Niket Tandon , Uri Alon

In-Context Learning (ICL) empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) for rapid task adaptation without Fine-Tuning (FT), but its reliance on demonstration selection remains a critical challenge. While many-shot ICL shows promising performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Jianfei Zhang , Bei Li , Jun Bai , Rumei Li , Yanmeng Wang , Chenghua Lin , Wenge Rong

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in natural language processing. The most representative ability of LLMs is in-context learning (ICL), which enables LLMs to learn patterns from in-context exemplars…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-20 Jiachen Zhao

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for adapting large language models (LLMs) to new and data-scarce tasks using only a few carefully selected task-specific examples presented in the prompt. However, given the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Vaibhav Singh , Soumya Suvra Ghosal , Kapu Nirmal Joshua , Soumyabrata Pal , Sayak Ray Chowdhury

Various design settings for in-context learning (ICL), such as the choice and order of the in-context examples, can bias a model toward a particular prediction without being reflective of an understanding of the task. While many studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-07 Yu Fei , Yifan Hou , Zeming Chen , Antoine Bosselut

Recent developments in large pre-trained language models have enabled unprecedented performance on a variety of downstream tasks. Achieving best performance with these models often leverages in-context learning, where a model performs a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-17 Alexander Scarlatos , Andrew Lan

In-Context Reinforcement Learning (ICRL) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to learn online from external rewards directly within the context window. However, a central challenge in ICRL is reward estimation, as models typically lack…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Wenxuan Jiang , Yuxin Zuo , Zijian Zhang , Xuecheng Wu , Zining Fan , Wenxuan Liu , Li Chen , Xiaoyu Li , Xuezhi Cao , Xiaolong Jin , Ninghao Liu

We propose In-Context Clustering (ICC), a flexible LLM-based procedure for clustering data from diverse distributions. Unlike traditional clustering algorithms constrained by predefined similarity measures, ICC flexibly captures complex…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Ying Wang , Mengye Ren , Andrew Gordon Wilson