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Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences through reinforcement learning (RLHF) can lead to reward hacking, where LLMs exploit failures in the reward model (RM) to achieve seemingly high rewards without meeting the…

Reinforcement learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) learns from preference signals, while standard Reinforcement Learning (RL) directly learns from reward signals. Preferences arguably contain less information than rewards, which makes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Yuanhao Wang , Qinghua Liu , Chi Jin

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a crucial technique for aligning language models with human preferences, playing a pivotal role in the success of conversational models like GPT-4, ChatGPT, and Llama 2. A core challenge…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Chenghua Huang , Zhizhen Fan , Lu Wang , Fangkai Yang , Pu Zhao , Zeqi Lin , Qingwei Lin , Dongmei Zhang , Saravan Rajmohan , Qi Zhang

Aligning human preference and value is an important requirement for building contemporary foundation models and embodied AI. However, popular approaches such as reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) break down the task into…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Chenliang Li , Siliang Zeng , Zeyi Liao , Jiaxiang Li , Dongyeop Kang , Alfredo Garcia , Mingyi Hong

Reward learning typically relies on a single feedback type or combines multiple feedback types using manually weighted loss terms. Currently, it remains unclear how to jointly learn reward functions from heterogeneous feedback types such as…

In reinforcement learning from human feedback, preference-based reward models play a central role in aligning large language models to human-aligned behavior. However, recent studies show that these models are prone to reward hacking and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Wenqian Ye , Guangtao Zheng , Aidong Zhang

Recent advancements in explainable recommendation have greatly bolstered user experience by elucidating the decision-making rationale. However, the existing methods actually fail to provide effective feedback signals for potentially better…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Jiakai Tang , Jingsen Zhang , Zihang Tian , Xueyang Feng , Lei Wang , Xu Chen

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shifted the post-training paradigm from traditional instruction tuning and human preference alignment toward reinforcement learning (RL) focused on reasoning capabilities. However,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Qianxi He , Qingyu Ren , Shanzhe Lei , Xuhong Wang , Yingchun Wang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) aligns Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, yet the underlying reward signals they internalize remain hidden, posing a critical challenge for interpretability and safety.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Nyal Patel , Matthieu Bou , Arjun Jagota , Satyapriya Krishna , Sonali Parbhoo

Personalization is crucial for enhancing both the effectiveness and user satisfaction of language technologies, particularly in information-seeking tasks like question answering. Current approaches for personalizing large language models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-27 Alireza Salemi , Hamed Zamani

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has proven effective in aligning large language models with human preferences, inspiring the development of reward-centric diffusion reinforcement learning (RDRL) to achieve similar…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Kwanyoung Kim , Byeongsu Sim

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a key paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, yet the reward models at its core remain largely opaque. In this work, we present Sparse Autoencoder For…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Wei Shi , Ziyuan Xie , Sihang Li , Xiang Wang

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been widely adopted to align language models (LMs) with human preference. Prior RLHF works typically take a bandit formulation, which, though intuitive, ignores the sequential nature of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Yueqin Yin , Shentao Yang , Yujia Xie , Ziyi Yang , Yuting Sun , Hany Awadalla , Weizhu Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key enabling technology for aligning AI behaviour with human preferences. The traditional way to collect data in RLHF is via pairwise comparisons: human raters are asked to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Jan Kompatscher , Danqing Shi , Giovanna Varni , Tino Weinkauf , Antti Oulasvirta

AI agents are commonly aligned with "human values" through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), where a single reward model is learned from aggregated human feedback and used to align an agent's behavior. However, human values…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Carter Blair , Kate Larson , Edith Law

Large language models (LLMs) are often sycophantic, prioritizing agreement with their users over accurate or objective statements. This problematic behavior becomes more pronounced during reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF),…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Henry Papadatos , Rachel Freedman

To improve human-preference alignment training, current research has developed numerous preference datasets consisting of preference pairs labeled as "preferred" or "dispreferred". These preference pairs are typically used to encode human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Yifu Huo , Yongyu Mu , Qiaozhi He , Murun Yang , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Jingbo Zhu

The emergence of LM-based judging reward modeling, represented by generative reward models, has successfully made reinforcement learning from AI feedback (RLAIF) efficient and scalable. To further advance this paradigm, we propose a core…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Meiling Ning , Zhongbao Zhang , Junda Ye , Jiabao Guo , Qingyuan Guan

A key challenge in reward learning from human input is that desired agent behavior often changes based on context. For example, a robot must adapt to avoid a stove once it becomes hot. We observe that while high-level preferences (e.g.,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Alexandra Forsey-Smerek , Julie Shah , Andreea Bobu

We introduce a new benchmark for reward models that quantifies their ability to produce strong language models through RLHF (Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback). The gold-standard approach is to run a full RLHF training pipeline and…

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