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The alignment of language models with human preferences is vital for their application in real-world tasks. The problem is formulated as optimizing the model's policy to maximize the expected reward that reflects human preferences with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Haozhe Ji , Cheng Lu , Yilin Niu , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Jun Zhu , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

This paper investigates the problem of computing the equilibrium of competitive games, which is often modeled as a constrained saddle-point optimization problem with probability simplex constraints. Despite recent efforts in understanding…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-01-23 Shicong Cen , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi

We propose an algorithm for deterministic continuous Markov Decision Processes with sparse rewards that computes the optimal policy exactly with no dependency on the size of the state space. The algorithm has time complexity of $O( |R|^3…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-05-21 Joshua R. Bertram , Peng Wei

Test-time compute scaling, the practice of spending extra computation during inference via repeated sampling, search, or extended reasoning, has become a powerful lever for improving large language model performance. Yet deploying these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zhiyuan Zhai , Bingcong Li , Bingnan Xiao , Ming Li , Xin Wang

We study a sequence of independent one-shot non-cooperative games where agents play equilibria determined by a tunable mechanism. Observing only equilibrium decisions, without parametric or distributional knowledge of utilities, we aim to…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Luke Snow , Vikram Krishnamurthy

We study the problem of computing an approximate Nash equilibrium of continuous-action game without access to gradients. Such game access is common in reinforcement learning settings, where the environment is typically treated as a black…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2023-08-30 Carlos Martin , Tuomas Sandholm

We present a careful comparison of two model-free control algorithms, Evolution Strategies (ES) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), with receding horizon model predictive control (MPC) for operating simulated, price responsive water…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-11-09 David J. Biagioni , Xiangyu Zhang , Peter Graf , Devon Sigler , Wesley Jones

As a fundamental problem in algorithmic trading, order execution aims at fulfilling a specific trading order, either liquidation or acquirement, for a given instrument. Towards effective execution strategy, recent years have witnessed the…

交易与市场微观结构 · 定量金融 2021-03-22 Yuchen Fang , Kan Ren , Weiqing Liu , Dong Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Jiang Bian , Yong Yu , Tie-Yan Liu

We develop value iteration-based algorithms to solve in a unified manner different classes of combinatorial zero-sum games with mean-payoff type rewards. These algorithms rely on an oracle, evaluating the dynamic programming operator up to…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Xavier Allamigeon , Stéphane Gaubert , Ricardo D. Katz , Mateusz Skomra

Predictive models are often deployed through existing decision policies that stakeholders are reluctant to change unless a risk constraint requires intervention. We study risk-controlled post-processing: given a deterministic baseline…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-08 Sunay Joshi , Tao Wang , Hamed Hassani , Edgar Dobriban

Policy-based reinforcement learning methods suffer from the policy collapse problem. We find valued-based reinforcement learning methods with {\epsilon}-greedy mechanism are capable of enjoying three characteristics, Closed-form Diversity,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-03 Changnan Xiao , Haosen Shi , Jiajun Fan , Shihong Deng

The deployment of autonomous systems in safety-critical environments requires control policies that guarantee satisfaction of complex control specifications. These systems are commonly modeled as nonlinear discrete-time stochastic systems.…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-07 Alessandro Riccardi , Thom Badings , Luca Laurenti , Alessandro Abate , Bart De Schutter

Game theory has grown into a major field over the past few decades, and poker has long served as one of its key case studies. Game-Theory-Optimal (GTO) provides strategies to avoid loss in poker, but pure GTO does not guarantee maximum…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 SeungHyun Yi , Seungjun Yi

In Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), accurately perceiving opponents' strategies is essential for both cooperative and adversarial contexts, particularly within dynamic environments. While Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Mohidul Haque Mridul , Mohammad Foysal Khan , Redwan Ahmed Rizvee , Md Mosaddek Khan

Stochastic Optimal Control provides a unified mathematical framework for solving complex decision-making problems, encompassing paradigms such as maximum entropy reinforcement learning(RL) and imitation learning(IL). However, conventional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Hang Liu , Sangli Teng , Maani Ghaffari

This paper introduces a novel data-free model extraction attack that significantly advances the current state-of-the-art in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and effectiveness. Traditional black-box methods rely on using the victim's model as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Maor Biton Dor , Yisroel Mirsky

We have used agent-based modeling as our numerical method to artificially simulate a dynamic real economy where agents are rational maximizers of an objective function of Cobb-Douglas type. The economy is characterised by heterogeneous…

理论经济学 · 经济学 2024-01-17 Subhamon Supantha , Naresh Kumar Sharma

In current model-free reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, stability criteria based on sampling methods are commonly utilized to guide policy optimization. However, these criteria only guarantee the infinite-time convergence of the…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-10-16 Shengjie Wang , Fengbo Lan , Xiang Zheng , Yuxue Cao , Oluwatosin Oseni , Haotian Xu , Tao Zhang , Yang Gao

A crucial problem in reinforcement learning is learning the optimal policy. We study this in tabular infinite-horizon discounted Markov decision processes under the online setting. The existing algorithms either fail to achieve regret…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-13 Xiang Ji , Gen Li

Policy iteration is one of the classical frameworks of reinforcement learning, which requires a known initial stabilizing control. However, finding the initial stabilizing control depends on the known system model. To relax this requirement…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-03-20 Dongdong Li , Jiuxiang Dong