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Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has focused on producing responses that meet human expectations and align with shared values - a process coined alignment. However, aligning LLMs remains challenging due to the inherent…

As the online learning landscape evolves, the need for personalization is increasingly evident. Although educational resources are burgeoning, educators face challenges selecting materials that both align with intended learning outcomes and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Mohammadreza Molavi , Mohammad Moein , Mohammadreza Tavakoli , Abdolali Faraji , Stefan T. Mol , Gábor Kismihók

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) highlight the need to align their behaviors with human values. A critical, yet understudied, issue is the potential divergence between an LLM's stated preferences (its reported alignment with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Zhuojun Gu , Quan Wang , Shuchu Han

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) typically follow a two-stage training paradigm-pretraining and supervised fine-tuning. Recently, preference optimization, derived from the language domain, has emerged as an effective post-training…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Yufei Zhan , Yousong Zhu , Shurong Zheng , Hongyin Zhao , Fan Yang , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

The wide exploration of large language models (LLMs) raises the awareness of alignment between healthcare stakeholder preferences and model outputs. This alignment becomes a crucial foundation to empower the healthcare workflow effectively,…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-05-07 Kexin Ding , Mu Zhou , Akshay Chaudhari , Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

The widespread deployment of large language models (LLMs) across linguistic communities necessitates reliable multilingual safety alignment. However, recent efforts to extend alignment to other languages often require substantial resources,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Yuyan Bu , Xiaohao Liu , ZhaoXing Ren , Yaodong Yang , Juntao Dai

Human values and their measurement are long-standing interdisciplinary inquiry. Recent advances in AI have sparked renewed interest in this area, with large language models (LLMs) emerging as both tools and subjects of value measurement.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Haoran Ye , Yuhang Xie , Yuanyi Ren , Hanjun Fang , Xin Zhang , Guojie Song

The ability to translate diverse patterns of inputs into structured patterns of behavior has been thought to rest on both humans' and machines' ability to learn robust representations of relevant concepts. The rapid advancement of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Zach Studdiford , Timothy T. Rogers , Kushin Mukherjee , Siddharth Suresh

Learning from human feedback has become a pivot technique in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, acquiring vast and premium human feedback is bottlenecked by time, labor, and human capability, resulting in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 Ganqu Cui , Lifan Yuan , Ning Ding , Guanming Yao , Bingxiang He , Wei Zhu , Yuan Ni , Guotong Xie , Ruobing Xie , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in everyday applications, ensuring their alignment with the diverse preferences of individual users has become a critical challenge. Currently deployed approaches typically assume…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Claudio Fanconi , Hao Sun , Mihaela van der Schaar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in educational settings as interactive tools for collaboration. However, their tendency toward sycophancy, aligning with user beliefs even when incorrect, raises concerns for learning and…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Cansu Koyuturk , Sabrina Guidotti , Dimitri Ognibene

Guiding the policy of multi-agent reinforcement learning to align with human common sense is a difficult problem, largely due to the complexity of modeling common sense as a reward, especially in complex and long-horizon multi-agent tasks.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-20 Hao Ma , Shijie Wang , Zhiqiang Pu , Siyao Zhao , Xiaolin Ai

Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress made in large language models (LLMs). Such advancements, while garnering significant attention, have concurrently elicited various concerns. The potential of these models is undeniably vast;…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-27 Tianhao Shen , Renren Jin , Yufei Huang , Chuang Liu , Weilong Dong , Zishan Guo , Xinwei Wu , Yan Liu , Deyi Xiong

The paradigm shift from item-centric ranking to answer-centric synthesis is redefining the role of search engines. While recent industrial progress has applied generative techniques to closed-set item ranking in e-commerce, research and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Wei Wu , Peilun Zhou , Liyi Chen , Qimeng Wang , Chengqiang Lu , Yan Gao , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Hui Xiong

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

People increasingly seek advice online from both human peers and large language model (LLM)-based chatbots. Such advice rarely involves identifying a single correct answer; instead, it typically requires navigating trade-offs among…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Zhiyi Chen , Eun Cheol Choi , Yingjia Luo , Xinyi Wang , Yulei Xiao , Aizi Yang , Luca Luceri

Training large language models (LLMs) and multimodal LLMs necessitates significant computing resources, and existing publicly available LLMs are typically pre-trained on diverse, privately curated datasets spanning various tasks. For…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-07-12 Yue Bai , Zichen Zhang , Jiasen Lu , Yun Fu

Preference learning is critical for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, with the quality of preference datasets playing a crucial role in this process. While existing metrics primarily assess data quality based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Kexin Huang , Junkang Wu , Ziqian Chen , Xue Wang , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Jiancan Wu , Xiangnan He , Xiang Wang

The progress of AI systems such as large language models (LLMs) raises increasingly pressing concerns about their safe deployment. This paper examines the value alignment problem for LLMs, arguing that current alignment strategies are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Raphaël Millière

The growing interest in employing large language models (LLMs) for decision-making in social and economic contexts has raised questions about their potential to function as agents in these domains. A significant number of societal problems…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Hadi Hosseini , Samarth Khanna