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Purpose: Gliomas are the most common and aggressive type of brain tumors due to their infiltrative nature and rapid progression. The process of distinguishing tumor boundaries from healthy cells is still a challenging task in the clinical…

Recent advancements in foundation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have significantly impacted medical image segmentation, especially in retinal imaging, where precise segmentation is vital for diagnosis. Despite this…

Brain tumor segmentation remains a significant challenge, particularly in the context of multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where missing modality images are common in clinical settings, leading to reduced segmentation accuracy.…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown exceptional capabilities in vision-language tasks. However, effectively integrating image segmentation into these models remains a significant challenge. In this work, we propose a novel…

Radiotherapy-induced normal tissue injury is a clinically important complication, and accurate segmentation of injury regions from medical images could facilitate disease assessment, treatment planning, and longitudinal monitoring. However,…

Accurate detection and segmentation of brain tumors from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and clinical monitoring. While convolutional architectures such as U-Net have long been the backbone…

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, creating an increased need for efficient, task-specific fine-tuning methods. Traditional fine-tuning of LLMs involves updating a large…

Pixel-level vision tasks, such as semantic segmentation, require extensive and high-quality annotated data, which is costly to obtain. Semi-supervised semantic segmentation (SSSS) has emerged as a solution to alleviate the labeling burden…

Given a natural language expression and a remote sensing image, the goal of referring remote sensing image segmentation (RRSIS) is to generate a pixel-level mask of the target object identified by the referring expression. In contrast to…

Large language models (LLMs) show promise in radiology but their deployment is limited by computational requirements that preclude use in resource-constrained clinical environments. We investigate whether small language models (SLMs) of 3-4…

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) offers a resource-efficient way to personalize or specialize. However, LoRA is highly sensitive to hyperparameter choices, and exhaustive hyperparameter search is…

Tumor region segmentation is an essential task for the quantitative analysis of digital pathology. Recently presented deep neural networks have shown state-of-the-art performance in various image-segmentation tasks. However, because of the…

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) achieves remarkable promptable segmentation given high-quality prompts which, however, often require good skills to specify. To make SAM robust to casual prompts, this paper presents the first comprehensive…

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enhanced text-based recommendation by enriching traditional ID-based methods with semantic generalization capabilities. Text-based methods typically encode item textual information via…

The Vision Foundation Model has recently gained attention in medical image analysis. Its zero-shot learning capabilities accelerate AI deployment and enhance the generalizability of clinical applications. However, segmenting pathological…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown impressive performance in vision tasks, but adapting them to new domains often requires expensive fine-tuning. Prompt tuning techniques, including textual, visual, and multimodal prompting, offer…

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits promise in generic object segmentation and offers potential for various applications. Existing methods have applied SAM to surgical instrument segmentation (SIS) by tuning SAM-based frameworks with…

Extent of resection after surgery is one of the main prognostic factors for patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. To achieve this, accurate segmentation and classification of residual tumor from post-operative MR images is essential. The…

Visual Foundation Models (VFMs) such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) have significantly advanced broad use of image segmentation. However, SAM and its variants necessitate substantial manual effort for prompt generation and additional…

Although perception systems have made remarkable advancements in recent years, they still rely on explicit human instruction or pre-defined categories to identify the target objects before executing visual recognition tasks. Such systems…