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Bias in AI systems, especially those relying on natural language data, raises ethical and practical concerns. Underrepresentation of certain groups often leads to uneven performance across demographics. Traditional fairness methods, such as…

This report investigates enhancing semantic caching effectiveness by employing specialized, fine-tuned embedding models. Semantic caching relies on embedding similarity rather than exact key matching, presenting unique challenges in…

A major bottleneck in search-based program synthesis is the exponentially growing search space which makes learning large programs intractable. Humans mitigate this problem by leveraging the compositional nature of the real world: In…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Jonas Witt , Sebastijan Dumančić , Tias Guns , Claus-Christian Carbon

This paper targets e-commerce search relevance. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in this field, they often encounter performance bottlenecks in persistent 'corner cases' within complex industrial…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Chen Yifei , Tian Zhixing , Wang Chenyang , Cheng Ziguang

Knowledge distillation from Large Language Models (LLMs) to smaller models has emerged as a critical technique for deploying efficient AI systems. However, current methods for distillation via synthetic data lack pedagogical awareness,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Bowei He , Yankai Chen , Xiaokun Zhang , Linghe Kong , Philip S. Yu , Xue Liu , Chen Ma

Training large language models (LLMs) with synthetic reasoning data has become a popular approach to enhancing their reasoning capabilities, while a key factor influencing the effectiveness of this paradigm is the quality of the generated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Zhuojie Yang , Wentao Wan , Keze Wang

Recent work shows membership inference attacks (MIAs) on large language models (LLMs) produce inconclusive results, partly due to difficulties in creating non-member datasets without temporal shifts. While researchers have turned to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Ali Naseh , Niloofar Mireshghallah

High-quality, large-scale instructions are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs), however, there is a severe shortage of instruction in the field of natural language understanding (NLU). Previous works on constructing NLU…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-07 Lin Yuan , Jun Xu , Honghao Gui , Mengshu Sun , Zhiqiang Zhang , Lei Liang , Jun Zhou

Converting high-level tasks described by natural language into formal specifications like Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a key step towards providing formal safety guarantees over cyber-physical systems (CPS). While the compliance of the…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Junle Li , Siqi Chen , Jiakai Li , Meiqi Tian , Bingzhuo Zhong

Large Language Models are increasingly deployed for decision-making, yet their adoption in high-stakes domains remains limited by miscalibrated probabilities, unfaithful explanations, and inability to incorporate expert knowledge precisely.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Yanji He , Yuxin Jiang , Yiwen Wu , Bo Huang , Jiaheng Wei , Wei Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for generating data across various modalities. By transforming data from a scarce resource into a controllable asset, LLMs mitigate the bottlenecks imposed by the acquisition costs…

Large language models are a form of artificial intelligence systems whose primary knowledge consists of the statistical patterns, semantic relationships, and syntactical structures of language1. Despite their limited forms of "knowledge",…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Yizhen Zheng , Huan Yee Koh , Jiaxin Ju , Anh T. N. Nguyen , Lauren T. May , Geoffrey I. Webb , Shirui Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for cybersecurity threat analysis, but their deployment in security-sensitive environments raises trust and safety concerns. With over 21,000 vulnerabilities disclosed in 2025, manual…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Reza Fayyazi , Michael Zuzak , Shanchieh Jay Yang

In the tourism domain, Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to mine implicit user intentions from tourists' ambiguous inquiries and lack the capacity to proactively guide users toward clarifying their needs. A critical bottleneck is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Tao Zhu , Jianguo Ding

Large language models (LLMs) are foundational explorations to artificial general intelligence, yet their alignment with human values via instruction tuning and preference learning achieves only superficial compliance. Here, we demonstrate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Jiawei Lian , Jianhong Pan , Lefan Wang , Yi Wang , Shaohui Mei , Lap-Pui Chau

A high-quality, comprehensive product catalog is essential to the success of Product Search engines and shopping sites such as Yahoo! Shopping, Google Product Search or Bing Shopping. But keeping catalogs up-to-date becomes a challenging…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2011-05-24 Hoa Nguyen , Ariel Fuxman , Stelios Paparizos , Juliana Freire , Rakesh Agrawal

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into critical decision-making pipelines, a trend that raises the demand for robust and automated data analysis. Current approaches to dataset risk analysis are limited to manual…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Panteleimon Rodis

The current safeguard mechanisms for large language models (LLMs) are indeed susceptible to jailbreak attacks, making them inherently fragile. Even the process of fine-tuning on apparently benign data for downstream tasks can jeopardize…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-16 Xin Yi , Shunfan Zheng , Linlin Wang , Xiaoling Wang , Liang He

Semantic data and knowledge infrastructures must reconcile two fundamentally different forms of representation: natural language, in which most knowledge is created and communicated, and formal semantic models, which enable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Lars Vogt

Large Language Models (LLMs) can justify or critique their predictions through discussions with other models or humans, thereby enriching their intrinsic understanding of instances. While proactive discussions in the inference phase have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-04 Mengsay Loem , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki