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As large language models evolve, there is growing anticipation that they will emulate human-like Theory of Mind (ToM) to assist with routine tasks. However, existing methods for evaluating machine ToM focus primarily on unimodal models and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Xinyang Li , Siqi Liu , Bochao Zou , Jiansheng Chen , Huimin Ma

Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) possess significant theory of mind (ToM) capabilities, showing the potential for simulating the tracking of mental states in generative agents. In this study,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Bo Yang , Jiaxian Guo , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to reason about one's own and others' mental states. ToM plays a critical role in the development of intelligence, language understanding, and cognitive processes. While previous work has primarily…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Yinghui He , Yufan Wu , Yilin Jia , Rada Mihalcea , Yulong Chen , Naihao Deng

Despite growing interest in Theory of Mind (ToM) tasks for evaluating language models (LMs), little is known about how LMs internally represent mental states of self and others. Understanding these internal mechanisms is critical - not only…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Matteo Bortoletto , Constantin Ruhdorfer , Lei Shi , Andreas Bulling

We propose MToMnet - a Theory of Mind (ToM) neural network for predicting beliefs and their dynamics during human social interactions from multimodal input. ToM is key for effective nonverbal human communication and collaboration, yet,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Matteo Bortoletto , Constantin Ruhdorfer , Lei Shi , Andreas Bulling

Theory of Mind (ToM)-the ability to reason about the mental states of oneself and others-is a cornerstone of human social intelligence. As Large Language Models (LLMs) become ubiquitous in real-world applications, validating their capacity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Ruirui Chen , Weifeng Jiang , Chengwei Qin , Cheston Tan

Recent evidence suggests Large Language Models (LLMs) display Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities. Most ToM experiments place participants in a spectatorial role, wherein they predict and interpret other agents' behavior. However, human ToM also…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Jared Moore , Ned Cooper , Rasmus Overmark , Beba Cibralic , Nick Haber , Cameron R. Jones

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential in simulating human behaviors and performing theory-of-mind (ToM) reasoning, a crucial skill for complex social interactions. In this study, we investigate the role of ToM reasoning in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Neemesh Yadav , Palakorn Achananuparp , Jing Jiang , Ee-Peng Lim

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to others, is a hallmark of social intelligence. While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate promising performance on standard ToM benchmarks, we observe that they often fail…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Mengfan Li , Xuanhua Shi , Yang Deng

With the success of ChatGPT and other similarly sized SotA LLMs, claims of emergent human like social reasoning capabilities, especially Theory of Mind (ToM), in these models have appeared in the scientific literature. On the one hand those…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Christian Nickel , Laura Schrewe , Lucie Flek

Theory-of-Mind (ToM), the ability to infer others' perceptions and mental states, is fundamental to human interaction but remains challenging for Large Language Models (LLMs). While existing ToM reasoning methods show promise with reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Hainiu Xu , Siya Qi , Jiazheng Li , Yuxiang Zhou , Jinhua Du , Caroline Catmur , Yulan He

When researchers claim AI systems possess ToM or mental models, they are fundamentally discussing behavioral predictions and bias corrections rather than genuine mental states. This position paper argues that the current discourse conflates…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Xiaoyun Yin , Elmira Zahmat Doost , Shiwen Zhou , Garima Arya Yadav , Jamie C. Gorman

Large Language models are revolutionizing the conversational recommender systems through their impressive capabilities in instruction comprehension, reasoning, and human interaction. A core factor underlying effective recommendation…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Mengfan Li , Xuanhua Shi , Yang Deng

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, there is increasing interest in their ability to infer human mental states and demonstrate a human-like Theory of Mind (ToM). Most existing ToM evaluations, however, are centered on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Siqi Liu , Xinyang Li , Bochao Zou , Junbao Zhuo , Huimin Ma , Jiansheng Chen

The last couple of years have witnessed emerging research that appropriates Theory-of-Mind (ToM) tasks designed for humans to benchmark LLM's ToM capabilities as an indication of LLM's social intelligence. However, this approach has a…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Qiaosi Wang , Xuhui Zhou , Maarten Sap , Jodi Forlizzi , Hong Shen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly tested for a "Theory of Mind" (ToM) - the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others. Yet most evaluations stop at explicit belief attribution in classical toy stories or stylized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yuling Gu , Oyvind Tafjord , Hyunwoo Kim , Jared Moore , Ronan Le Bras , Peter Clark , Yejin Choi

Theory of Mind (ToM), the capacity to comprehend the mental states of distinct individuals, is essential for numerous practical applications. With the development of large language models (LLMs), there is a heated debate about whether they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Xiaomeng Ma , Lingyu Gao , Qihui Xu

Natural language interaction with agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI), driven by Large Language Models (LLMs), is expected to remain a dominant paradigm in the near future. While humans instinctively align their communication with mental…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Mehdi Jafari , Devin Yuncheng Hua , Hao Xue , Flora Salim

Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to attribute mental states to others, the basis of human cognition. At present, there has been growing interest in the AI with cognitive abilities, for example in healthcare and the motoring industry.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-03-22 Yuanyuan Mao , Shuang Liu , Pengshuai Zhao , Qin Ni , Xin Lin , Liang He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked substantial interest and debate concerning their potential emergence of Theory of Mind (ToM) ability. Theory of mind evaluations currently focuses on testing models using machine-generated data or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Chunkit Chan , Cheng Jiayang , Yauwai Yim , Zheye Deng , Wei Fan , Haoran Li , Xin Liu , Hongming Zhang , Weiqi Wang , Yangqiu Song