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Large language models (LLMs) undergo safety alignment to ensure safe conversations with humans. However, this paper introduces a training-free attack method capable of reversing safety alignment, converting the outcomes of stronger…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Zhanhui Zhou , Jie Liu , Zhichen Dong , Jiaheng Liu , Chao Yang , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao

Entity Alignment (EA) seeks to identify and match corresponding entities across different Knowledge Graphs (KGs), playing a crucial role in knowledge fusion and integration. Embedding-based entity alignment (EA) has recently gained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-09 Xuan Chen , Tong Lu , Zhichun Wang

Preference alignment methods are increasingly critical for steering large language models (LLMs) to generate outputs consistent with human values. While recent approaches often rely on synthetic data generated by LLMs for scalability and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Mingye Zhu , Yi Liu , Zheren Fu , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao

LLMs have emerged as powerful evaluators in the LLM-as-a-Judge paradigm, offering significant efficiency and flexibility compared to human judgments. However, previous methods primarily rely on single-point evaluations, overlooking the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Luyu Chen , Zeyu Zhang , Haoran Tan , Quanyu Dai , Hao Yang , Zhenhua Dong , Xu Chen

The evolution of Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning is bottlenecked by the scarcity of high-quality process data. While self-alignment via endogenous rewards offers a solution, mining valid supervision faces three challenges: (1) Label…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yanyu Chen , Jiyue Jiang , Dianzhi Yu , Zheng Wu , Jiahong Liu , Jiaming Han , Xiao Guo , Jinhu Qi , Yu Li , Yifei Zhang , Irwin King

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising way to simulate human survey responses, potentially reducing the cost of large-scale data collection. However, existing zero-shot methods suffer from prompt sensitivity and low accuracy, while…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Ji Huang , Mengfei Li , Shuai Shao

Language models (LMs) are increasingly used as simulacra for people, yet their ability to match the distribution of views of a specific demographic group and be \textit{distributionally aligned} remains uncertain. This notion of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Nicole Meister , Carlos Guestrin , Tatsunori Hashimoto

As LLMs are globally deployed, aligning their cultural value orientations is critical for safety and user engagement. However, existing benchmarks face the Construct-Composition-Context ($C^3$) challenge: relying on discriminative,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Jaehyeok Lee , Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Hyunjin Hwang , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Xing Xie , JinYeong Bak

In high-stakes domains, small task-specific vision models are crucial due to their low computational requirements and the availability of numerous methods to explain their results. However, these explanations often reveal that the models do…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Alexander Koebler , Lukas Kuhn , Ingo Thon , Florian Buettner

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), their deployment in real-world applications has become increasingly widespread. LLMs are expected to deliver robust performance across diverse tasks, user preferences, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Wei Xia , Zhi-Hong Deng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities but struggle under distribution shifts, where evaluation data differ from instruction tuning distributions. Although previous works have provided empirical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Changdae Oh , Zhen Fang , Shawn Im , Xuefeng Du , Yixuan Li

Large language models can predict real-valued quantities from heterogeneous inputs such as text, code, and molecular strings, but most training objectives score each decoded floating-point number independently, improving point estimates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Jungsoo Park , Hyungjoo Chae , Ethan Mendes , Jay DeYoung , Varsha Kishore , Wei Xu , Alan Ritter

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive achievements in solving a broad range of tasks. Augmented by instruction fine-tuning, LLMs have also been shown to generalize in zero-shot settings as well. However, whether LLMs closely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Noah Lee , Na Min An , James Thorne

This paper introduces distribution-based prediction, a novel approach to using Large Language Models (LLMs) as predictive tools by interpreting output token probabilities as distributions representing the models' learned representation of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-07 Caleb Bradshaw , Caelen Miller , Sean Warnick

Training large language models (LLMs) from scratch can yield models with unique functionalities and strengths, but it is costly and often leads to redundant capabilities. A more cost-effective alternative is to fuse existing pre-trained…

Deep Reinforcement Learning is widely used for aligning Large Language Models (LLM) with human preference. However, the conventional reward modelling is predominantly dependent on human annotations provided by a select cohort of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Dexun Li , Cong Zhang , Kuicai Dong , Derrick Goh Xin Deik , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

Large Language Model (LLM) alignment conventionally relies on supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning based alignment frameworks. These methods typically require labeled or preference datasets and involve updating model weights to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Reem I. Masoud , Martin Ferianc , Philip Treleaven , Miguel Rodrigues

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing and extended their powerful capabilities to multi-modal domains. As LLMs continue to advance, it is crucial to develop diverse and appropriate metrics for their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Lai Wei , Zhiquan Tan , Chenghai Li , Jindong Wang , Weiran Huang

Adapting pre-trained language models (PLMs) for time-series text classification amidst evolving domain shifts (EDS) is critical for maintaining accuracy in applications like stance detection. This study benchmarks the effectiveness of…

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