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Training tool-augmented LLMs has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing language models' capabilities for complex tasks. The current supervised fine-tuning paradigm relies on constructing extensive domain-specific datasets to train…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yutai Hou , Yuxian Wang , Li Du , Juyi Dai , Qiuyang Ding , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Weiwen Liu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach for training agents to perform tasks, but designing an appropriate reward mechanism is critical to its success. However, in many cases, the complexity of the learning objectives goes beyond…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-16 Ernst Moritz Hahn , Mateo Perez , Sven Schewe , Fabio Somenzi , Ashutosh Trivedi , Dominik Wojtczak

In reinforcement learning (RL), agents continually interact with the environment and use the feedback to refine their behavior. To guide policy optimization, reward models are introduced as proxies of the desired objectives, such that when…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Rui Yu , Shenghua Wan , Yucen Wang , Chen-Xiao Gao , Le Gan , Zongzhang Zhang , De-Chuan Zhan

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms typically start tabula rasa, without any prior knowledge of the environment, and without any prior skills. This however often leads to low sample efficiency, requiring a large amount of interaction…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-13 Matthias Hutsebaut-Buysse , Kevin Mets , Steven Latré

Many continuous control problems can be formulated as sparse-reward reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. In principle, online RL methods can automatically explore the state space to solve each new task. However, discovering sequences of…

There is a surge of interest in using formal languages such as Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) to precisely and succinctly specify complex tasks and derive reward functions for Reinforcement Learning (RL). However, existing methods often assign…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Minjae Kwon , Ingy ElSayed-Aly , Lu Feng

The ability to autonomously explore and resolve tasks with minimal human guidance is crucial for the self-development of embodied intelligence. Although reinforcement learning methods can largely ease human effort, it's challenging to…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Changxin Huang , Yanbin Chang , Junfan Lin , Junyang Liang , Runhao Zeng , Jianqiang Li

For task-oriented dialog systems, training a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based Dialog Management module suffers from low sample efficiency and slow convergence speed due to the sparse rewards in RL.To solve this problem, many strategies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Zhengxu Hou , Bang Liu , Ruihui Zhao , Zijing Ou , Yafei Liu , Xi Chen , Yefeng Zheng

Providing Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents with human feedback can dramatically improve various aspects of learning. However, previous methods require human observer to give inputs explicitly (e.g., press buttons, voice interface),…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2020-10-15 Duo Xu , Mohit Agarwal , Ekansh Gupta , Faramarz Fekri , Raghupathy Sivakumar

Reward machines (RMs) are automata structures that encode (non-Markovian) reward functions for reinforcement learning (RL). RMs can reward any behaviour representable in regular languages and, when paired with RL algorithms that exploit RM…

Large-scale reinforcement learning (RL) methods have proven highly effective in enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), particularly for tasks with verifiable solutions such as mathematics and coding. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Zhaopeng Feng , Shaosheng Cao , Jiahan Ren , Jiayuan Su , Ruizhe Chen , Yan Zhang , Zhe Xu , Yao Hu , Jian Wu , Zuozhu Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has drawn increasing interests in recent years due to its tremendous success in various applications. However, standard RL algorithms can only be applied for single reward function, and cannot adapt to an unseen…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-04 Ziyang Tang , Yihao Feng , Qiang Liu

Video generation models produce visually coherent content but struggle with tasks requiring spatial reasoning and multi-step planning. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a path to improve generalization, but its effectiveness in video…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Ming Liu , Yunbei Zhang , Shilong Liu , Liwen Wang , Wensheng Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely used in text generation to alleviate the exposure bias issue or to utilize non-parallel datasets. The reward function plays an important role in making RL training successful. However, previous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-19 Yongchang Hao , Yuxin Liu , Lili Mou

Reward engineering, the manual specification of reward functions to induce desired agent behavior, remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning. This difficulty is amplified by credit assignment ambiguity,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Haoran Su , Yandong Sun , Congjia Yu

Generalization is a pivotal challenge for agents following natural language instructions. To approach this goal, we leverage a vision-language model (VLM) for visual grounding and transfer its vision-language knowledge into reinforcement…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Haobin Jiang , Zongqing Lu

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods for learning driving policies have gained increasing attention in the autonomous driving community and have achieved remarkable progress in various driving scenarios. However,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Yansong Qu , Junwei You , Sikai Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a popular approach for robotic path planning in uncertain environments. However, the control policies trained for an RL agent crucially depend on user-defined, state-based reward functions. Poorly designed…

Reinforcement learning (RL) with outcome-based rewards has proven effective for improving large language models (LLMs) on complex reasoning tasks. However, its success often depends on the base model occasionally sampling correct solutions.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Jatin Prakash , Anirudh Buvanesh

Zero-shot reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a setting for developing general agents, capable of solving downstream tasks without additional training or planning at test-time. While conventional RL optimizes policies for fixed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Jacopo Di Ventura , Jan Felix Kleuker , Aske Plaat , Thomas Moerland