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`Biologically inspired' activation functions, such as the logistic sigmoid, have been instrumental in the historical advancement of machine learning. However in the field of deep learning, they have been largely displaced by rectified…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2018-05-21 Gardave S Bhumbra

It is well-known that overparametrized neural networks trained using gradient-based methods quickly achieve small training error with appropriate hyperparameter settings. Recent papers have proved this statement theoretically for highly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-13 Abhishek Panigrahi , Abhishek Shetty , Navin Goyal

SWIN transformer is a prominent vision transformer model that has state-of-the-art accuracy in image classification tasks. Despite this success, its unique architecture causes slower inference compared with similar deep neural networks.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-02-05 Mohammadreza Tayaranian , Seyyed Hasan Mozafari , James J. Clark , Brett Meyer , Warren Gross

We introduce the "inverse square root linear unit" (ISRLU) to speed up learning in deep neural networks. ISRLU has better performance than ELU but has many of the same benefits. ISRLU and ELU have similar curves and characteristics. Both…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-13 Brad Carlile , Guy Delamarter , Paul Kinney , Akiko Marti , Brian Whitney

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have garnered significant attention in various fields of science and technology in recent years. Activation functions define how neurons in DNNs process incoming signals for them. They are essential for learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Jianfei Li , Han Feng , Ding-Xuan Zhou

In recent years, functional neural networks have been proposed and studied in order to approximate nonlinear continuous functionals defined on $L^p([-1, 1]^s)$ for integers $s\ge1$ and $1\le p<\infty$. However, their theoretical properties…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-04-11 Linhao Song , Jun Fan , Di-Rong Chen , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We extend the ReLU Transition Graph (RTG) framework into a comprehensive graph-theoretic model for understanding deep ReLU networks. In this model, each node represents a linear activation region, and edges connect regions that differ by a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Sahil Rajesh Dhayalkar

We present a novel algorithm for training deep neural networks in supervised (classification and regression) and unsupervised (reinforcement learning) scenarios. This algorithm combines the standard stochastic gradient descent and the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Arunselvan Ramaswamy , Shalabh Bhatnagar , Naman Saxena

Deep neural networks paved the way for significant improvements in image visual categorization during the last years. However, even though the tasks are highly varying, differing in complexity and difficulty, existing solutions mostly build…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-29 Mina Basirat , Peter M. Roth

Gradient descent (GD) type optimization schemes are the standard methods to train artificial neural networks (ANNs) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation. Such schemes can be considered as discretizations of gradient flows (GFs)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-27 Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

This document proposes a parametric activation function (ac.f.) aimed at improving multidimensional nonlinear data regression. It is a established knowledge that nonlinear ac.f's are required for learning nonlinear datasets. This work shows…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Enda D. V. Bigarella

Motivated by the growing theoretical understanding of neural networks that employ the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) as their activation function, we revisit the use of ReLU activation functions for learning implicit neural representations…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-08-05 Joseph Shenouda , Yamin Zhou , Robert D. Nowak

A wide variety of activation functions have been proposed for neural networks. The Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) is especially popular today. There are many practical reasons that motivate the use of the ReLU. This paper provides new…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-10-19 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

In recent years, Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has increasingly captured the interest of researchers. Among the components in this domain, activation functions hold a fundamental and indispensable role. Our research focuses on the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-04-10 Wei Zi , Siyi Wang , Hyunji Kim , Xiaoming Sun , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Patrick Rebentrost

Activation functions (AFs) play a pivotal role in the performance of neural networks. The Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) is currently the most commonly used AF. Several replacements to ReLU have been suggested but improvements have proven…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2022-06-27 Raz Lapid , Moshe Sipper

Activation functions (AFs) are crucial components of deep neural networks (DNNs), having a significant impact on their performance. An activation function in a DNN is typically a smooth, nonlinear function that transforms an input signal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Stamatis Mastromichalakis

Recently, much attention has been devoted to finding highly efficient and powerful activation functions for CNN layers. Because activation functions inject different nonlinearities between layers that affect performance, varying them is one…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-05 Loris Nanni , Gianluca Maguolo , Sheryl Brahnam , Michelangelo Paci

In the era of Deep Neural Network based solutions for a variety of real-life tasks, having a compact and energy-efficient deployable model has become fairly important. Most of the existing deep architectures use Rectifier Linear Unit (ReLU)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-02 Nancy Nayak , Sheetal Kalyani

In this paper, we introduce "Power Linear Unit" (PoLU) which increases the nonlinearity capacity of a neural network and thus helps improving its performance. PoLU adopts several advantages of previously proposed activation functions.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-02-02 Yikang Li , Pak Lun Kevin Ding , Baoxin Li

Convex functions and their gradients play a critical role in mathematical imaging, from proximal optimization to Optimal Transport. The successes of deep learning has led many to use learning-based methods, where fixed functions or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Anne Gagneux , Mathurin Massias , Emmanuel Soubies , Rémi Gribonval