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Error rates in current noisy quantum hardware are not static; they vary over time and across qubits. This temporal and spatial variation challenges the effectiveness of fixed-distance quantum error correction (QEC) codes. In this paper, we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-12 Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum data is susceptible to decoherence induced by the environment and to errors in the hardware processing it. A future fault-tolerant quantum computer will use quantum error correction (QEC) to actively protect against both. In the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-04-30 D. Ristè , S. Poletto , M. -Z. Huang , A. Bruno , V. Vesterinen , O. -P. Saira , L. DiCarlo

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for scalable quantum computing. However, it requires classical decoders that are fast and accurate enough to keep pace with quantum hardware. While quantum low-density parity-check codes have…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-10 Andi Gu , J. Pablo Bonilla Ataides , Mikhail D. Lukin , Susanne F. Yelin

A key virtue of spin qubits is their sub-micron footprint, enabling a single silicon chip to host the millions of qubits required to execute useful quantum algorithms with error correction. With each physical qubit needing multiple control…

It is well understood that a two-dimensional grid of locally-interacting qubits is a promising platform for achieving fault tolerant quantum computing. However in the near-future, it may prove less challenging to develop lower dimensional…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-11-28 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Michael Fogarty

Silicon spin qubits are among the most promising candidates for large scale quantum computers, due to their excellent coherence and compatibility with CMOS technology for upscaling. Advanced industrial CMOS process flows allow wafer-scale…

Addressing and mitigating decoherence sources plays an essential role in the development of a scalable quantum computing system, which requires low gate errors to be consistently maintained throughout the circuit execution. While nuclear…

The dominant source of decoherence in contemporary frequency-tunable superconducting qubits is 1/$f$ flux noise. To understand its origin and find ways to minimize its impact, we systematically study flux noise amplitudes in more than 50…

Quantum computation holds the promise of solving certain complex problems exponentially faster than classical computers. However, the high prevalent noise in current quantum devices impedes the accurate execution of even basic algorithms.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-13 Prithviraj Prabhu

Quantum error correcting (QEC) codes protect quantum information against environmental noise. Computational errors caused by the environment change the quantum state within the qubit subspace, whereas quantum erasures correspond to the loss…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-11-26 Luis Colmenarez , Seyong Kim , Markus Müller

Dissipative quantum error correction (QEC) autonomously protects quantum information using engineered dissipation and offers a promising alternative to error correction via measurement and feedback. However, scalability remains a challenge,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-19 Ivan Rojkov , Elias Zapusek , Florentin Reiter

The spin of an electron confined in semiconductor quantum dots is currently a promising candidate for quantum bit (qubit) implementations. Taking advantage of existing CMOS integration technologies, such devices can offer a platform for…

Logical qubits can be protected from decoherence by performing QEC cycles repeatedly. Algorithms for fault-tolerant QEC must be compiled to the specific hardware platform under consideration in order to practically realize a quantum memory…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-05-13 Sascha Heußen , David F. Locher , Markus Müller

Several domains of society will be disrupted once millions of high-quality qubits can be brought together to perform fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). All quantum computing hardware available today is many orders of magnitude removed…

Meaningful quantum computing is currently bottlenecked by the error rates of current generation Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. To improve the fidelity of the quantum logic gates, it is essential to recognize the…

Designing efficient fault tolerance schemes is crucial for building useful quantum computers. Most standard schemes assume no knowledge of the underlying device noise and rely on general-purpose quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes capable…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-31 Long D. H. My , Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam , Hui Khoon Ng

Semiconductor architectures hold promise for quantum information processing (QIP) applications due to their large industrial base and perceived scalability potential. Electron spins in silicon in particular may be an excellent architecture…

材料科学 · 物理学 2007-10-24 Charles Tahan

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation is scaling, a challenge greatly amplified by the huge…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-12-09 Kianna Wan , Soonwon Choi , Isaac H. Kim , Noah Shutty , Patrick Hayden

Quantum error correction (QEC) promises to exponentially suppress qubit noise, but typically assumes spatially-uniform and temporally-constant noise rates. However, real quantum hardware exhibits variation in noise levels over time, which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-08 Maxwell Poster , Jason Chadwick , Jonathan Mark Baker

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing scalable quantum computation. However, when evaluating its benefits, most analyses assume idealized components, overlooking the imperfections inherent in realistic fault-tolerant…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-26 Lorenzo Valentini , Diego Forlivesi , Marco Chiani