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LLM agents have emerged as powerful systems for tackling multi-turn tasks by interleaving internal reasoning and external tool interactions. Agentic Reinforcement Learning has recently drawn significant research attention as a critical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Zefang Zong , Dingwei Chen , Yang Li , Qi Yi , Bo Zhou , Chengming Li , Bo Qian , Peng Chen , Jie Jiang

Large-scale reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated its effectiveness in harnessing the potential of large language models (LLMs) for single-turn reasoning tasks. In realistic reasoning scenarios, LLMs can…

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) for agent tasks is critical in developing language agents. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a promising technique for this adaptation with the alleviation of compounding errors, offering a means…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Wentao Shi , Mengqi Yuan , Junkang Wu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

RL-based agentic search enables LLMs to solve complex questions via dynamic planning and external search. While this approach significantly enhances accuracy with agent policies optimized via large-scale reinforcement learning, we identify…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Shiyu Liu , Yongjing Yin , Jianhao Yan , Yunbo Tang , Qinggang Zhang , Bei Li , Xin Chen , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Jinsong Su

The advent of autonomous agents is transforming interactions with Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) by employing natural language as a powerful intermediary. Despite the predominance of Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) methods in current GUI…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Jiaqi Tang , Yu Xia , Yi-Feng Wu , Yuwei Hu , Yuhui Chen , Qing-Guo Chen , Xiaogang Xu , Xiangyu Wu , Hao Lu , Yanqing Ma , Shiyin Lu , Qifeng Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) in multi-turn conversations often suffer from a ``lost-in-conversation'' phenomenon, where they struggle to recover from early incorrect assumptions, particularly when users provide ambiguous initial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Zhebo Wang , Xiaohu Mu , Zijie Zhou , Mohan Li , Wenpeng Xing , Dezhang Kong , Meng Han

Recent large reasoning models (LRMs) driven by reinforcement learning algorithms (e.g., GRPO) have achieved remarkable performance on challenging reasoning tasks. However, these models suffer from overthinking, generating unnecessarily long…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Gang Li , Yan Chen , Ming Lin , Tianbao Yang

Effective information seeking in multi-turn medical dialogues is critical for accurate diagnosis, especially when dealing with incomplete information. Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) for these interactive scenarios is challenging due…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Ruike Cao , Shaojie Bai , Fugen Yao , Liang Dong , Jian Xu , Li Xiao

This work considers the problem of learning cooperative policies in multi-agent settings with partially observable and non-stationary environments without a communication channel. We focus on improving information sharing between agents and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Eshagh Kargar , Ville Kyrki

Recent advancements in Reinforcement Learning (RL), particularly Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), have significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models. However, applying these problem-centric…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Yihong Tang , Kehai Chen , Liang Yue , Benyou Wang , Min Zhang

Group Relative Policy Optimization(GRPO) has become a cornerstone of modern reinforcement learning alignment, prized for its efficacy in foregoing an explicit value-critic by leveraging reward normalization across sampled trajectory…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Redacted by arXiv

Large language model (LLM) agents that follow the sequential "reason-then-act" paradigm have achieved superior performance in many complex tasks.However, these methods suffer from limited exploration and incomplete environmental…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Junshuo Zhang , Chengrui Huang , Feng Guo , Zihan Li , Ke Shi , Menghua Jiang , Jiguo Yu , Shuo Shang , Shen Gao

Most reinforcement learning algorithms seek a single optimal strategy that solves a given task. However, it can often be valuable to learn a diverse set of solutions, for instance, to make an agent's interaction with users more engaging, or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Wentse Chen , Shiyu Huang , Yuan Chiang , Tim Pearce , Wei-Wei Tu , Ting Chen , Jun Zhu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced the reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs), enabling autonomous agents that can conduct effective multi-turn and tool-integrated reasoning. While instructions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Outcome-driven reinforcement learning has advanced reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but prevailing tool-augmented approaches train a single, monolithic policy that interleaves thoughts and tool calls under full context; this…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Zhuofeng Li , Haoxiang Zhang , Seungju Han , Sheng Liu , Jianwen Xie , Yu Zhang , Yejin Choi , James Zou , Pan Lu

Agentic Reinforcement Learning (Agentic RL) has shown remarkable potential in large language model-based (LLM) agents. These works can empower LLM agents to tackle complex tasks via multi-step, tool-integrated reasoning. However, an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Siwei Zhang , Yun Xiong , Xi Chen , Zi'an Jia , Renhong Huang , Jiarong Xu , Jiawei Zhang

Multi-step LLM agents in interactive environments represent a crucial step toward long-horizon decision-making. To train such agents, group-based reinforcement learning is widely adopted, which reinforces trajectories with higher relative…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Jiazhen Yuan , Zhike Gong , Jinquan Hang , Zhengbiao Bai , Wei Zhao

Reinforcement learning with verifiable reward has recently emerged as a central paradigm for post-training large language models (LLMs); however, prevailing mean-based methods, such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), suffer from…

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is commonly done via reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) or, more simply, via Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). While DPO…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Abdulhady Abas Abdullah , Fatemeh Daneshfar , Seyedali Mirjalili , Mourad Oussalah

Reinforcement learning algorithms require a large amount of samples; this often limits their real-world applications on even simple tasks. Such a challenge is more outstanding in multi-agent tasks, as each step of operation is more costly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-05 Yali Du , Chengdong Ma , Yuchen Liu , Runji Lin , Hao Dong , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang