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While reasoning capabilities typically emerge in large language models (LLMs) with tens of billions of parameters, recent research focuses on improving smaller open-source models through knowledge distillation (KD) from commercial LLMs.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Zhuochun Li , Yuelyu Ji , Rui Meng , Daqing He

Measuring long-run LLM outcomes (user satisfaction, expert judgment, downstream KPIs) is expensive. Teams default to cheap LLM judges, but uncalibrated proxies can invert rankings entirely. Causal Judge Evaluation (CJE) makes it affordable…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-01-22 Eddie Landesberg , Manjari Narayan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds large language models (LLMs) in external evidence, but fails when retrieved sources conflict or contain outdated or subjective information. Prior work address these issues independently but lack…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Shubham Mishra , Samyek Jain , Gorang Mehrishi , Shiv Tiwari , Harsh Sharma , Pratik Narang , Dhruv Kumar

The prefill stage in long-context LLM inference remains a computational bottleneck. Recent token-ranking heuristics accelerate inference by selectively processing a subset of semantically relevant tokens. However, existing methods suffer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Bradley McDanel , Steven Li , Harshit Khaitan

Large-scale AI evaluation increasingly relies on aggregating binary judgments from $K$ annotators, including LLMs used as judges. Most classical methods, e.g., Dawid-Skene or (weighted) majority voting, assume annotators are conditionally…

This paper introduces AMMORE, a new dataset of 53,000 math open-response question-answer pairs from Rori, a learning platform used by students in several African countries and conducts two experiments to evaluate the use of large language…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-27 Owen Henkel , Hannah Horne-Robinson , Maria Dyshel , Nabil Ch , Baptiste Moreau-Pernet , Ralph Abood

Traditional deep learning (DL) models have two ubiquitous limitations. First, they assume training samples are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d), an assumption often violated in real-world datasets where samples have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Son Nguyen , Adam Wang , Albert Montillo

The LLM-as-a-judge paradigm uses large language models (LLMs) for automated text evaluation, where a numerical assessment is assigned by an LLM to the input text following scoring rubrics. Existing methods for LLM-as-a-judge use…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee , Michal Lukasik

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used as automated judges, where practical value depends on both accuracy and trustworthy, risk-aware judgments. Existing approaches predominantly focus on accuracy, overlooking the necessity of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Zailong Tian , Zhuoheng Han , Yanzhe Chen , Haozhe Xu , Xi Yang , Richeng Xuan , Houfeng Wang , Lizi Liao

Scaling up test-time compute, by generating multiple independent solutions and selecting or aggregating among them, has become a central paradigm for improving large language models (LLMs) on challenging reasoning tasks. While most prior…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Wenting Zhao , Pranjal Aggarwal , Swarnadeep Saha , Asli Celikyilmaz , Jason Weston , Ilia Kulikov

LLM reasoning traces suffer from complex flaws -- *Step Internal Flaws* (logical errors, hallucinations, etc.) and *Step-wise Flaws* (overthinking, underthinking), which vary by sample. A natural approach would be to provide ground-truth…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Zipeng Ling , Shuliang Liu , Shenghong Fu , Yuehao Tang , Seonil Son , Yao Wan , Xuming Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on many reasoning benchmarks, yet existing evaluations rarely assess their ability to distinguish between meaningful semantic relations and genuine unrelatedness. We introduce CORE (Comprehensive…

Multi-modal generative document parsing systems challenge traditional evaluation: unlike deterministic OCR or layout models, they often produce semantically correct yet structurally divergent outputs. Conventional metrics-CER, WER, IoU, or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Renyu Li , Antonio Jimeno Yepes , Yao You , Kamil Pluciński , Maximilian Operlejn , Crag Wolfe

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates external knowledge to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs), yet systems remain susceptible to two critical flaws: providing correct answers without explicit grounded evidence and producing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Yibo Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Zichen Ding , Xiang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) and causal learning each hold strong potential for clinical decision making (CDM). However, their synergy remains poorly understood, largely due to the lack of systematic benchmarks evaluating their integration…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Linna Wang , Zhixuan You , Qihui Zhang , Jiunan Wen , Ji Shi , Yimin Chen , Yusen Wang , Fanqi Ding , Ziliang Feng , Li Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities in natural language generation, but they have also been observed to magnify societal biases, particularly those related to gender. In response to this issue, several…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Kunsheng Tang , Wenbo Zhou , Jie Zhang , Aishan Liu , Gelei Deng , Shuai Li , Peigui Qi , Weiming Zhang , Tianwei Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Prompting large language models (LLMs) to evaluate generated text, known as LLM-as-a-judge, has become a standard evaluation approach in natural language generation (NLG), but is primarily used as a quantitative tool, i.e. with numerical…

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably exhibit hallucinations since the accuracy of generated texts cannot be secured solely by the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a practicable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Shi-Qi Yan , Jia-Chen Gu , Yun Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling

Large Language Models excel at natural language processing tasks, but their massive size leads to high computational and storage demands. Recent works have sought to reduce their model size through layer-wise structured pruning. However,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Fei Wang , Li Shen , Liang Ding , Chao Xue , Ye Liu , Changxing Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to assess NLP tasks due to their ability to generate human-like judgments. Single LLMs were used initially, however, recent work suggests using multiple LLMs as judges yields improved…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Guangzhi Sun , Anmol Kagrecha , Potsawee Manakul , Phil Woodland , Mark Gales