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In the training of large language models, parameter-efficient techniques such as LoRA optimize memory usage and reduce communication overhead and memory usage during the fine-tuning phase. However, applying such techniques directly during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Kaiye Zhou , Shucheng Wang , Jun Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across various tasks, but the escalating demands on computational resources pose significant challenges, particularly in the extensive utilization of full fine-tuning for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Jia-Hong Huang , Yixian Shen , Hongyi Zhu , Stevan Rudinac , Evangelos Kanoulas

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), particularly Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has become a standard approach for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) under limited compute. However, in continual settings where models are updated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Hung Le , Svetha Venkatesh

Post-training has become essential for adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex downstream behaviors, including instruction following, preference alignment, and multi-step reasoning. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Chengqian Zhang , Wei Zhu , Kyumin Lee

Parameter-efficient tuning methods such as LoRA could achieve comparable performance to model tuning by tuning a small portion of the parameters. However, substantial computational resources are still required, as this process involves…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Feihu Jin , Yin Liu , Ying Tan

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) has become a crucial technique for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks. However, the enormous size of LLMs poses significant challenges in terms of computational complexity and resource…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Yifei Zhang , Hao Zhu , Aiwei Liu , Han Yu , Piotr Koniusz , Irwin King

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful tool for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) to improve complex reasoning abilities. However, state-of-the-art policy optimization methods often suffer from high computational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Kianté Brantley , Mingyu Chen , Zhaolin Gao , Jason D. Lee , Wen Sun , Wenhao Zhan , Xuezhou Zhang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has proven effective in reducing computational costs while maintaining performance comparable to fully fine-tuned foundation models across various tasks. However, its fixed low-rank structure restricts its…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Chuyan Zhang , Kefan Wang , Yun Gu

In order to streamline the fine-tuning of foundation models, Low-Rank Adapters (LoRAs) have been substantially adopted across various fields, including instruction tuning and domain adaptation. The underlying concept of LoRA involves…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Mengyang Sun , Yihao Wang , Tao Feng , Dan Zhang , Yifan Zhu , Jie Tang

Recent large language models (LLMs) employ billions of parameters to enable broad problem-solving capabilities. Such language models also tend to be memory-bound because of the dominance of matrix-vector and matrix-matrix multiplications…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-24 Chakshu Moar , Faraz Tahmasebi , Michael Pellauer , Hyoukjun Kwon

We propose a neural language modeling system based on low-rank adaptation (LoRA) for speech recognition output rescoring. Although pretrained language models (LMs) like BERT have shown superior performance in second-pass rescoring, the high…

Large Language Models (LLMs) must continuously learn and update knowledge to remain effective in dynamic real-world environments. While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely used for such memory updates, existing studies mainly rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Ziwen Xu , Haiwen Hong , Linsong Yu , Benglei Cui , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue , Ningyu Zhang

Reranking is fundamental to information retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation, with recent Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly advancing reranking quality. Most current works rely on large-scale LLMs (>7B parameters),…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Xianming Li , Aamir Shakir , Rui Huang , Tsz-fung Andrew Lee , Julius Lipp , Benjamin Clavié , Jing Li

We propose a simple approach for memory-efficient adaptation of pretrained language models. Our approach uses an iterative algorithm to decompose each pretrained matrix into a high-precision low-rank component and a memory-efficient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-28 Han Guo , Philip Greengard , Eric P. Xing , Yoon Kim

Quantizing optimizer states is becoming an important ingredient of memory-efficient large-scale pre-training, but the resulting optimizer dynamics remain only partially understood. We study low-precision exponential moving average (EMA)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Kristi Topollai , Anna Choromanska

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is a popular method for tailoring pre-trained large language models (LLMs), especially as the models' scale and the diversity of tasks increase. Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is based on the idea that the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Pengjie Ren , Chengshun Shi , Shiguang Wu , Mengqi Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Maarten de Rijke , Zhumin Chen , Jiahuan Pei

Fine-tuning is a crucial paradigm for adapting pre-trained large language models to downstream tasks. Recently, methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) have been shown to effectively fine-tune LLMs with an extreme reduction in trainable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Reece Shuttleworth , Jacob Andreas , Antonio Torralba , Pratyusha Sharma

Memory pressure has emerged as a dominant constraint in scaling the training of large language models (LLMs), particularly in resource-constrained environments. While modern frameworks incorporate various memory-saving techniques, they…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Hanmei Yang , Jin Zhou , Yao Fu , Xiaoqun Wang , Ramine Roane , Hui Guan , Tongping Liu

How to adapt a pre-trained model continuously for sequential tasks with different prediction class labels and domains and finally learn a generalizable model across diverse tasks is a long-lasting challenge. Continual learning (CL) has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Xiaobing Yu , Jin Yang , Xiao Wu , Peijie Qiu , Xiaofeng Liu

Recently years have witnessed a rapid development of large language models (LLMs). Despite the strong ability in many language-understanding tasks, the heavy computational burden largely restricts the application of LLMs especially when one…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Yuhui Xu , Lingxi Xie , Xiaotao Gu , Xin Chen , Heng Chang , Hengheng Zhang , Zhengsu Chen , Xiaopeng Zhang , Qi Tian