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Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized lots of fields of research. Although it is well-known that fine-tuning is essential for enhancing the capabilities of LLMs, existing research suggests that there is potential redundancy in…

There are two primary ways of incorporating new information into a language model (LM): changing its prompt or changing its parameters, e.g. via fine-tuning. Parameter updates incur no long-term storage cost for model changes. However, for…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a central post-training paradigm for large language models (LLMs), but its performance is highly sensitive to the quality of training problems. This sensitivity stems from the non-stationarity of RL:…

Through end-to-end training to predict the next token, LLMs have become valuable tools for various tasks. Enhancing their core training in language modeling can improve numerous downstream applications. A successful approach to enhance…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been observed to exhibit bias in numerous ways, potentially creating or worsening outcomes for specific groups identified by protected attributes such as sex, race, sexual orientation, or age. To help…

Agent skills provide a lightweight way to adapt LLM agents to specialized domains by storing reusable procedural knowledge in structured files. However, whether downloaded from third parties or self-generated, these skills are often…

Grounded theory (GT) is a qualitative research method for building theory grounded in data. GT uses textual and numeric data and follows various stages of coding or tagging data for sense-making, such as open coding and selective coding.…

Large language models (LLMs) have made fundamental contributions over the last a few years. To train an LLM, one needs to alternatingly run `forward' computations and `backward' computations. The forward computation can be viewed as…

Gradient-based data selection offers a principled framework for estimating sample utility in large language model (LLM) fine-tuning, but existing methods are mostly designed for offline settings. They are therefore less suited to online…

\texttt{Mixture-Models} is an open-source Python library for fitting Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) and their variants, such as Parsimonious GMMs, Mixture of Factor Analyzers, MClust models, Mixture of Student's t distributions, etc. It…

Despite emerging research on Language Models (LM), few approaches analyse the invertibility of LMs. That is, given a LM and a desirable target output sequence of tokens, determining what input prompts would yield the target output remains…

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) as rerankers in multi-stage retrieval systems has gained significant traction in academia and industry. These models refine a candidate list of retrieved documents, often through carefully…

Many organizations lack computational resources to fine-tune large language models (LLMs) on private (unshareable) data for better utility, while fine-tuning tiny language models (TinyLMs) alone performs poorly. To address this bottleneck,…

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) with downstream data is often considered time-consuming and expensive. Structured pruning methods are primarily employed to improve the inference efficiency of pre-trained models. Meanwhile, they…

Strategic classification~(SC) explores how individuals or entities modify their features strategically to achieve favorable classification outcomes. However, existing SC methods, which are largely based on linear models or shallow neural…

metric-learn is an open source Python package implementing supervised and weakly-supervised distance metric learning algorithms. As part of scikit-learn-contrib, it provides a unified interface compatible with scikit-learn which allows to…

Understanding how Transformer-based Language Models (LMs) learn and recall information is a key goal of the deep learning community. Recent interpretability methods project weights and hidden states obtained from the forward pass to the…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used as decision aids. However, users have diverse values and preferences that can affect their decision-making, which requires novel methods for LLM alignment and personalization.…

Gradient-based analysis methods, such as saliency map visualizations and adversarial input perturbations, have found widespread use in interpreting neural NLP models due to their simplicity, flexibility, and most importantly, their…

Textual adversarial examples pose serious threats to the reliability of natural language processing systems. Recent studies suggest that adversarial examples tend to deviate from the underlying manifold of normal texts, whereas pre-trained…