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Survey research faces mounting structural challenges: declining response rates, sample bias, block-wise missingness among at-risk respondents, and AI-assisted fraudulent completions in online panels. Large language models (LLMs) have been…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Yan Wang , Ziyi Guo , Christopher McCarty

Large Language Models (LLMs) are swiftly advancing in architecture and capability, and as they integrate more deeply into complex systems, the urgency to scrutinize their security properties grows. This paper surveys research in the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 Erfan Shayegani , Md Abdullah Al Mamun , Yu Fu , Pedram Zaree , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Large language models (LLMs) can still be jailbroken into producing harmful outputs despite safety alignment. Existing attacks show this vulnerability, but not the internal mechanisms that cause it. This study asks whether jailbreak success…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Nilanjana Das , Manas Gaur

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into daily applications, it is essential to ensure they operate fairly across diverse user demographics. In this work, we show that LLMs suffer from personalization bias, where…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Anvesh Rao Vijjini , Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury , Snigdha Chaturvedi

Large Language Models (LLMs), which bridge the gap between human language understanding and complex problem-solving, achieve state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot and zero-shot settings. Despite the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Shuai Zhao , Meihuizi Jia , Zhongliang Guo , Leilei Gan , Xiaoyu Xu , Xiaobao Wu , Jie Fu , Yichao Feng , Fengjun Pan , Luu Anh Tuan

Red-teaming has been a widely adopted way to evaluate the harmfulness of Large Language Models (LLMs). It aims to jailbreak a model's safety behavior to make it act as a helpful agent disregarding the harmfulness of the query. Existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly vulnerable to a sophisticated form of adversarial prompting known as camouflaged jailbreaking. This method embeds malicious intent within seemingly benign language to evade existing safety…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Youjia Zheng , Mohammad Zandsalimy , Shanu Sushmita

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified concerns about manipulative or deceptive behaviors that can undermine user autonomy, trust, and well-being. Existing safety benchmarks predominantly rely on coarse binary…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Sadia Asif , Israel Antonio Rosales Laguan , Haris Khan , Shumaila Asif , Muneeb Asif

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate complex responses to threat-based manipulations, revealing both vulnerabilities and unexpected performance enhancement opportunities. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 3,390…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Atil Samancioglu

Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods relied on either medium-sized pre-trained models or smaller neural networks from scratch. Recent advancements in Large Pre-Trained Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Xin Zhou , Ting Zhang , David Lo

Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in medical consultations, yet their safety under realistic user pressures remains understudied. Prior assessments focused on neutral conditions, overlooking vulnerabilities…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Vahideh Zolfaghari

Large language models (LLMs) are the foundation of the current successes of artificial intelligence (AI), however, they are unavoidably biased. To effectively communicate the risks and encourage mitigation efforts these models need adequate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Carolin M. Schuster , Maria-Alexandra Dinisor , Shashwat Ghatiwala , Georg Groh

Large Language Model (LLM) safety is inherently pluralistic, reflecting variations in moral norms, cultural expectations, and demographic contexts. Yet, existing alignment datasets such as ANTHROPIC-HH and DICES rely on demographically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Usman Naseem , Gautam Siddharth Kashyap , Sushant Kumar Ray , Rafiq Ali , Ebad Shabbir , Abdullah Mohammad

Misalignment in Large Language Models (LLMs) refers to the failure to simultaneously satisfy safety, value, and cultural dimensions, leading to behaviors that diverge from human expectations in real-world settings where these dimensions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Usman Naseem , Gautam Siddharth Kashyap , Ebad Shabbir , Sushant Kumar Ray , Abdullah Mohammad , Rafiq Ali

This paper presents a comprehensive empirical study on the safety alignment capabilities. We evaluate what matters for safety alignment in LLMs and LRMs to provide essential insights for developing more secure and reliable AI systems. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Xing Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Lihao Yin , Xianzhi Yu , Zhenhua Dong , Mingxuan Yuan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have substantially improved natural language processing (NLP) applications. However, these models often inherit and amplify biases present in their training data. Although several datasets…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Shaina Raza , Mizanur Rahman , Michael R. Zhang

Large language models demonstrate strong performance on mathematical reasoning benchmarks, yet remain surprisingly fragile to meaning-preserving surface perturbations. We systematically evaluate three open-weight LLMs, Mistral-7B,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Shou-Tzu Han , Rodrigue Rizk , KC Santosh

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain susceptible to jailbreak exploits that bypass safety filters and induce harmful or unethical behavior. This work presents a systematic taxonomy of existing jailbreak defenses across prompt-level,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Ryan Wong , Hosea David Yu Fei Ng , Dhananjai Sharma , Glenn Jun Jie Ng , Kavishvaran Srinivasan

Large language models (LLMs) are foundational explorations to artificial general intelligence, yet their alignment with human values via instruction tuning and preference learning achieves only superficial compliance. Here, we demonstrate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Jiawei Lian , Jianhong Pan , Lefan Wang , Yi Wang , Shaohui Mei , Lap-Pui Chau

The stability of generative artificial intelligence trained on recursive synthetic data is conventionally monitored via Perplexity (PPL). We demonstrate that PPL is a deceptive metric in context-stabilized regimes (L=128). Using a rigorous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Pengyue Hou
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