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Deep neural networks with discrete latent variables offer the promise of better symbolic reasoning, and learning abstractions that are more useful to new tasks. There has been a surge in interest in discrete latent variable models, however,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-07-23 Aurko Roy , Ashish Vaswani , Arvind Neelakantan , Niki Parmar

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an inexpensive and widely available tool for cardiovascular assessment. Despite its standardized format and small file size, the high complexity and inter-individual variability of ECG signals (typically a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Christopher J. Harvey , Sumaiya Shomaji , Zijun Yao , Amit Noheria

VQ-VAE, as a mainstream approach of speech tokenizer, has been troubled by ``index collapse'', where only a small number of codewords are activated in large codebooks. This work proposes product-quantized (PQ) VAE with more codebooks but…

声音 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Haohan Guo , Fenglong Xie , Dongchao Yang , Hui Lu , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng

We focus on using an architecture similar to the $\beta$-Variational Autoencoder ($\beta$-VAE) to discriminate if a quantum state is entangled or separable based on measurements. We split the data into two sets, the set of local and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-10-19 Nahum Sá , Itzhak Roditi

Variational autoencoders (VAE) represent a popular, flexible form of deep generative model that can be stochastically fit to samples from a given random process using an information-theoretic variational bound on the true underlying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-08 Bin Dai , Yu Wang , John Aston , Gang Hua , David Wipf

An autoencoder is a neural network which data projects to and from a lower dimensional latent space, where this data is easier to understand and model. The autoencoder consists of two sub-networks, the encoder and the decoder, which carry…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-04-03 Saïd Ladjal , Alasdair Newson , Chi-Hieu Pham

Vector-quantized variational autoencoders (VQ-VAEs) are central to models that rely on high reconstruction fidelity, from neural compression to generative pipelines. Hierarchical extensions, such as VQ-VAE2, are often credited with superior…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Shirin Reyhanian , Laurenz Wiskott

We present a novel method for constructing Variational Autoencoder (VAE). Instead of using pixel-by-pixel loss, we enforce deep feature consistency between the input and the output of a VAE, which ensures the VAE's output to preserve the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-21 Xianxu Hou , Linlin Shen , Ke Sun , Guoping Qiu

Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) are capable of learning latent representations for high dimensional data. However, due to the i.i.d. assumption, VAEs only optimize the singleton variational distributions and fail to account for the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-20 Da Tang , Dawen Liang , Tony Jebara , Nicholas Ruozzi

Disentangled representation learning aims to represent the underlying generative factors of a dataset in a latent representation independently of one another. In our work, we propose a discrete variational autoencoder (VAE) based model…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Gulcin Baykal , Melih Kandemir , Gozde Unal

This is a tutorial and survey paper on factor analysis, probabilistic Principal Component Analysis (PCA), variational inference, and Variational Autoencoder (VAE). These methods, which are tightly related, are dimensionality reduction and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-05-25 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

The performance of $\beta$-Variational-Autoencoders ($\beta$-VAEs) and their variants on learning semantically meaningful, disentangled representations is unparalleled. On the other hand, there are theoretical arguments suggesting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-16 Dominik Zietlow , Michal Rolinek , Georg Martius

A major challenge in quantum computing is its application to large real-world datasets due to scarce quantum hardware resources. One approach to enabling tractable quantum models for such datasets involves finding low-dimensional…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-04-11 Gaoyuan Wang , Jonathan Warrell , Prashant S. Emani , Mark Gerstein

Learning rich data representations from unlabeled data is a key challenge towards applying deep learning algorithms in downstream tasks. Several variants of variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been proposed to learn compact data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-11 Pan Xiao , Peijie Qiu , Sungmin Ha , Abdalla Bani , Shuang Zhou , Aristeidis Sotiras

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are widely used deep generative models capable of learning unsupervised latent representations of data. Such representations are often difficult to interpret or control. We consider the problem of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-12-18 Jack Klys , Jake Snell , Richard Zemel

Vector quantization approaches (VQ-VAE, VQ-GAN) learn discrete neural representations of images, but these representations are inherently position-dependent: codes are spatially arranged and contextually entangled, requiring autoregressive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Jamie S. J. Stirling , Noura Al-Moubayed , Hubert P. H. Shum

Vector quantization (VQ) transforms continuous image features into discrete representations, providing compressed, tokenized inputs for generative models. However, VQ-based frameworks suffer from several issues, such as non-smooth latent…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Sicheng Yang , Xing Hu , Qiang Wu , Dawei Yang

Current state-of-the-art generative approaches frequently rely on a two-stage training procedure, where an autoencoder (often a VAE) first performs dimensionality reduction, followed by training a generative model on the learned latent…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-07-15 Gianluigi Silvestri , Luca Ambrogioni

Vector-quantized variational autoencoders (VQ-VAEs) are discrete autoencoders that compress images into discrete tokens. However, they are difficult to train due to discretization. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective technique…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Tongda Xu , Wendi Zheng , Jiajun He , Jose Miguel Hernandez-Lobato , Yan Wang , Ya-Qin Zhang , Jie Tang

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have experienced recent success as data-generating models by using simple architectures that do not require significant fine-tuning of hyperparameters. However, VAEs are known to suffer from…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-07-22 Wei Cheng , Gregory Darnell , Sohini Ramachandran , Lorin Crawford