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Open information extraction (IE) is the task of extracting open-domain assertions from natural language sentences. A key step in open IE is confidence modeling, ranking the extractions based on their estimated quality to adjust precision…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-03 Zhengbao Jiang , Pengcheng Yin , Graham Neubig

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive reasoning capabilities, understanding and validating their knowledge utilization remains challenging. Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting partially addresses this by revealing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Aissatou Diallo , Antonis Bikakis , Luke Dickens , Anthony Hunter , Rob Miller

Detecting ambiguity is important for language understanding, including uncertainty estimation, humour detection, and processing garden path sentences. We assess language models' sensitivity to ambiguity by introducing an adversarial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Antonia Karamolegkou , Oliver Eberle , Phillip Rust , Carina Kauf , Anders Søgaard

Agentic large language model systems increasingly automate tasks by retrieving URLs and calling external tools. We show that this workflow gives rise to implicit prompt injection: adversarial instructions embedded in automatically generated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Qianlong Lan , Anuj Kaul , Shaun Jones , Stephanie Westrum

While language models demonstrate sophisticated syntactic capabilities, the extent to which their internal mechanisms align with cross-constructional principles studied in linguistics remains poorly understood. This study investigates…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-27 Ryoma Kumon , Hitomi Yanaka

Domain fine-tuning is a common path to deploy small instruction-tuned language models as customer-support assistants, yet its effects on safety-aligned behavior and privacy are not well understood. In real deployments, such assistants…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jayesh Choudhari , Piyush Kumar Singh

Since the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), a significant area of research has focused on their intrinsic biases, particularly in political discourse. This study investigates a different but related concept, "political plasticity",…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Bruno Bianchi , Diego Tiscornia , Matias Travizano , Ariel Futoransky

Several recent papers have investigated the potential of language models as knowledge bases as well as the existence of severe biases when extracting factual knowledge. In this work, we focus on the factual probing performance over unseen…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Yijun Yang , Jie He , Pinzhen Chen , Víctor Gutiérrez-Basulto , Jeff Z. Pan

Large language models (LLMs) can sometimes report the strategies they actually use to solve tasks, yet at other times seem unable to recognize those strategies that govern their behavior. This suggests a limited degree of metacognition -…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Li Ji-An , Hua-Dong Xiong , Robert C. Wilson , Marcelo G. Mattar , Marcus K. Benna

An agent's intention often remains hidden behind the black-box nature of embodied policies. Communication using natural language statements that describe the next action can provide transparency towards the agent's behavior. We aim to…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Theodor Wulff , Rahul Singh Maharjan , Xinyun Chi , Angelo Cangelosi

The widespread usage of large-scale multimodal models like CLIP has heightened concerns about the leakage of PII. Existing methods for identity inference in CLIP models require querying the model with full PII, including textual…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-26 Songze Li , Ruoxi Cheng , Xiaojun Jia

Generative modeling has recently achieved remarkable success across image, video, and audio domains, demonstrating powerful capabilities for unified representation learning. Yet speech front-end tasks such as speech enhancement (SE), target…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-08-12 Ziqian Wang , Zikai Liu , Yike Zhu , Xingchen Li , Boyi Kang , Jixun Yao , Xianjun Xia , Chuanzeng Huang , Lei Xie

We study privacy leakage in the reasoning traces of large reasoning models used as personal agents. Unlike final outputs, reasoning traces are often assumed to be internal and safe. We challenge this assumption by showing that reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Tommaso Green , Martin Gubri , Haritz Puerto , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to encode truth of statements in their activation space along a linear truth direction. Previous studies have argued that these directions are universal in certain aspects, while more recent work…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Angelos Poulis , Mark Crovella , Evimaria Terzi

Large language models (LLMs) inherently absorb harmful knowledge, misinformation, and personal data during pretraining on large-scale web corpora, with no native mechanism for selective removal. While machine unlearning offers a principled…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Jagadeesh Rachapudi , Pranav Singh , Ritali Vatsi , Praful Hambarde , Amit Shukla

Decentralized training has become a resource-efficient framework to democratize the training of large language models (LLMs). However, the privacy risks associated with this framework, particularly due to the potential inclusion of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Chenxi Dai , Lin Lu , Pan Zhou

The pervasive deployment of deep learning models across critical domains has concurrently intensified privacy concerns due to their inherent propensity for data memorization. While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) serve as the gold…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Chihan Huang , Huaijin Wang , Shuai Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) pose significant privacy risks, potentially leaking training data due to implicit memorization. Existing privacy attacks primarily focus on membership inference attacks (MIAs) or data extraction attacks, but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Wenlong Meng , Zhenyuan Guo , Lenan Wu , Chen Gong , Wenyan Liu , Weixian Li , Chengkun Wei , Wenzhi Chen

Large language models are increasingly used as computational tools for modeling human-like behavior. We introduce a behavioral induction framework that modifies model policies through fine-tuning on structured decision-making tasks: using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Nicola Milano , Davide Marocco

Autoregressive Sequence-To-Sequence models are the foundation of many Deep Learning achievements in major research fields such as Vision and Natural Language Processing. Despite that, they still present significant limitations. For…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Jia Cheng Hu , Roberto Cavicchioli , Alessandro Capotondi