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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on a wide range of complex reasoning tasks, yet further gains are often possible by leveraging the complementary strengths of multiple models. While multi-agent frameworks can…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Andrew Estornell , Jean-Francois Ton , Muhammad Faaiz Taufiq , Hang Li

Genetic algorithms have been widely used in many practical optimization problems. Inspired by natural selection, operators, including mutation, crossover and selection, provide effective heuristics for search and black-box optimization.…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-03-14 Tanmay Gangwani , Jian Peng

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown extraordinary potential in aligning diffusion models to downstream tasks, yet most of them still suffer from significant reward hacking, which degrades generative diversity and quality by inducing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Jiaming Li , Chenyu Zhu , Nanxi Yi , Youjun Bao , Li Sun , Quanying Lv , Xiang Fang , Daizong Liu , Jianjun Li , Kun He , Bowen Zhou , Zhiyuan Ma

In Goal-oriented Reinforcement learning, relabeling the raw goals in past experience to provide agents with hindsight ability is a major solution to the reward sparsity problem. In this paper, to enhance the diversity of relabeled goals, we…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-05-14 Menghui Zhu , Minghuan Liu , Jian Shen , Zhicheng Zhang , Sheng Chen , Weinan Zhang , Deheng Ye , Yong Yu , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled understanding webpage contexts, product details, and human instructions. Utilizing LLMs as the foundational architecture for either reward models or policies in reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-30 Shuang Feng , Grace Feng

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has propelled the development of autonomous agents that operate on Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) using pure visual input. A fundamental challenge is robustly grounding natural…

Much worldly semantic knowledge can be encoded in large language models (LLMs). Such information could be of great use to robots that want to carry out high-level, temporally extended commands stated in natural language. However, the lack…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Ehsan Latif

Large Language Models (LLMs) can acquire extensive world knowledge through pre-training on large corpora. However, due to exposure to low-quality data, LLMs may exhibit harmful behavior without aligning with human values. The dominant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Tianhao Wu , Banghua Zhu , Ruoyu Zhang , Zhaojin Wen , Kannan Ramchandran , Jiantao Jiao

Modern policy gradient algorithms such as Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) rely on an arsenal of heuristics, including loss clipping and gradient clipping, to ensure successful learning. These heuristics are reminiscent of techniques from…

Large language models (LLMs) are versatile, yet their deployment in complex real-world settings is limited by static knowledge cutoffs and the difficulty of producing controllable behavior within a single inference. Multi-agent search…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Guanzhong Chen , Shaoxiong Yang , Chao Li , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Zenglin Xu

While Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced reasoning in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), prevailing frameworks suffer from a foundational methodological flaw: by distributing identical advantages across…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Zekai Ye , Qiming Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Ruihan Chen , Ziming Li , Haoyu Ren , Kun Chen , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities through pretraining and alignment. However, superior short-context LLMs may underperform in long-context scenarios due to insufficient long-context alignment. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Guanzheng Chen , Xin Li , Michael Qizhe Shieh , Lidong Bing

Solving sparse reward tasks through exploration is one of the major challenges in deep reinforcement learning, especially in three-dimensional, partially-observable environments. Critically, the algorithm proposed in this article uses a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-06-18 Gabriele Libardi , Gianni De Fabritiis

Existing LLM-based policy optimizers see only scalar rewards: that a policy scored 0.45, but not whether the agent got stuck in a loop, fell into a hole on the third step, or performed well on 19 out of 20 rollouts and failed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Rahaf Abu Hara , Vaibbhav Murarri , Claudio Zito

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is essential for evolving Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents capable of long-horizon planning, yet a practical recipe for scaling RL in complex, multi-turn environments remains elusive. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Xixi Wu , Qianguo Sun , Ruiyang Zhang , Chao Song , Junlong Wu , Yiyan Qi , Hong Cheng

Building agents that can explore their environments intelligently is a challenging open problem. In this paper, we make a step towards understanding how a hierarchical design of the agent's policy can affect its exploration capabilities.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-11-19 Maruan Al-Shedivat , Lisa Lee , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Eric Xing

Group-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods have achieved remarkable success in improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) and have been rapidly extended to agentic tasks. However, their credit assignment relies heavily…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Xin Cheng , Shuo He , Lang Feng , HaiYang Xu , Ming Yan , Lei Feng , Bo An

Planning over unstructured terrain presents a significant challenge in the field of legged robotics. Although recent works in reinforcement learning have yielded various locomotion strategies, planning over multiple experts remains a…

Deep reinforcement learning has been able to solve various tasks successfully, however, due to the construction of policy gradient and training dynamics, tuning deep reinforcement learning models remains challenging. As one of the most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Hanyong Wang , Menglong Yang

Recent advances in group-based reinforcement learning (RL) have driven frontier large language models (LLMs) in single-turn tasks like mathematical reasoning. However, their scalability to multi-turn LLM agent training remains limited.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Lang Feng , Zhenghai Xue , Tingcong Liu , Bo An