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Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) metric knowledge is inherently structured, connecting industries, reporting frameworks, metric categories, metrics, and calculation models through compositional dependencies, yet in practice this…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Mingqin Yu , Fethi Rabhi , Boming Xia , Zhengyi Yang , Felix Tan , Qinghua Lu

Ontologies are an important tool for structuring domain knowledge, but their development is a complex task that requires significant modelling and domain expertise. Ontology learning, aimed at automating this process, has seen advancements…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Roos M. Bakker , Daan L. Di Scala , Maaike H. T. de Boer , Stephan A. Raaijmakers

The utility of Large Language Models (LLMs) in analytical tasks is rooted in their vast pre-trained knowledge, which allows them to interpret ambiguous inputs and infer missing information. However, this same capability introduces a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Humam Kourani , Anton Antonov , Alessandro Berti , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

LLM-based financial agents have attracted widespread excitement for their ability to trade like human experts. However, most systems exhibit a "profit mirage": dazzling back-tested returns evaporate once the model's knowledge window ends,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Xiangyu Li , Yawen Zeng , Xiaofen Xing , Jin Xu , Xiangmin Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being integrated into various components of Ontology Matching pipelines. This paper investigates the capability of LLMs to perform ontology matching directly on ontology modules and generate the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Guilherme Sousa , Rinaldo Lima , Cassia Trojahn

Modern text-to-vision generative models often hallucinate when the prompt describing the scene to be generated is underspecified. In large language models (LLMs), a prevalent strategy to reduce hallucinations is to retrieve factual…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Jinqi Luo , Kwan Ho Ryan Chan , Dimitris Dimos , René Vidal

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) perform exceptionally well in general domains, the problem of hallucinations poses significant risks in specialized fields such as healthcare and law, where high interpretability is essential. Existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Mingchen Tu , Zhiqiang Liu , Juan Li , Liangyurui Liu , Junjie Wang , Lei Liang , Wen Zhang

Attribution tags form the foundation of modern cryptoasset forensics. However, inconsistent or incorrect tags can mislead investigations and even result in false accusations. To address this issue, we propose a novel computational method…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Régnier Avice , Bernhard Haslhofer , Zhidong Li , Jianlong Zhou

Ontology-based approach to the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) processing allows to improve questions answering quality in dialogue systems. We describe our NLU engine architecture and evaluate its implementation. The engine transforms…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-11-09 Sergey Gorshkov , Constantin Kondratiev , Roman Shebalov

User authentication and fraud detection face growing challenges as digital systems expand and adversaries adopt increasingly sophisticated tactics. Traditional knowledge-based authentication remains rigid, requiring exact word-for-word…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Emunah S-S. Chan , Aldar C-F. Chan

Large language models (LLMs) often produce unsupported or unverifiable content, known as "hallucinations." To mitigate this, retrieval-augmented LLMs incorporate citations, grounding the content in verifiable sources. Despite such…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-08-26 Weijia Zhang , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Yifei Yuan , Jiahuan Pei , Jia-Hong Huang , Evangelos Kanoulas

The automatic generation of medical reports utilizing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) frequently encounters challenges related to factual instability, which may manifest as the omission of findings or the incorporation of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Cunyuan Yang , Dejuan Song , Xiaotao Pang , Qianqian Shen , Wenjie Nie , Yifan Huang , Lei Wu , Wei Han , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu

As large language models (LLMs) have become the norm in NLP, demonstrating good performance in generation and reasoning tasks, one of its most fatal disadvantages is the lack of factual correctness. Generating unfactual texts not only leads…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Ruochen Zhao , Xingxuan Li , Shafiq Joty , Chengwei Qin , Lidong Bing

Ontology learning is a critical task in industry, dealing with identifying and extracting concepts captured in text data such that these concepts can be used in different tasks, e.g. information retrieval. Ontology learning is non-trivial…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-03-12 Yiming Xu , Dnyanesh Rajpathak , Ian Gibbs , Diego Klabjan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown unprecedented performance in various real-world applications. However, they are known to generate factually inaccurate outputs, a.k.a. the hallucination problem. In recent years, incorporating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Haochen Liu , Song Wang , Yaochen Zhu , Yushun Dong , Jundong Li

Fine-grained entity typing (FET), which assigns entities in text with context-sensitive, fine-grained semantic types, is a basic but important task for knowledge extraction from unstructured text. FET has been studied extensively in natural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Tanay Komarlu , Minhao Jiang , Xuan Wang , Jiawei Han

Language models can be used to identify relationships between financial entities in text. However, while structured output mechanisms exist, prompting-based pipelines still incur autoregressive decoding costs and decouple graph construction…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Yingjie Niu , Changhong Jin , Rian Dolphin , Ruihai Dong

Factual knowledge extraction aims to explicitly extract knowledge parameterized in pre-trained language models for application in downstream tasks. While prior work has been investigating the impact of supervised fine-tuning data on the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Xuan Gong , Hanbo Huang , Shiyu Liang

Organizing a large-scale knowledge graph into a typed property graph requires structural decisions -- which entities become nodes, which properties become edges, and what schema governs these choices. Existing approaches embed these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Yitao Li , Zhanlin Liu , Anuranjan Pandey , Muni Srikanth

In this paper, an approach for concept extraction from documents using pre-trained large language models (LLMs) is presented. Compared with conventional methods that extract keyphrases summarizing the important information discussed in a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Ebrahim Norouzi , Sven Hertling , Harald Sack