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Recent advancements in agentic test-time scaling allow models to gather environmental feedback before committing to final actions. A key limitation of existing methods is that they typically employ undifferentiated exploration strategies,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Xingyuan Hua , Sheng Yue , Ju Ren

Multi-agent reinforcement learning has received significant interest in recent years notably due to the advancements made in deep reinforcement learning which have allowed for the developments of new architectures and learning algorithms.…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2018-12-27 Nicolas Anastassacos , Mirco Musolesi

We present MACLA, a framework that decouples reasoning from learning by maintaining a frozen large language model while performing all adaptation in an external hierarchical procedural memory. MACLA extracts reusable procedures from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Saman Forouzandeh , Wei Peng , Parham Moradi , Xinghuo Yu , Mahdi Jalili

Prompt agents have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for automated prompt optimization, framing prompt discovery as a sequential decision-making problem over a structured prompt space. While this formulation enables the use of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Siran Peng , Weisong Zhao , Tianyu Fu , Chenxu Zhao , Tianshuo Zhang , Haoyuan Zhang , Xiangyu Zhu , Minghui Wu , Zhen Lei

Reinforcement learning (RL) is the dominant paradigm for sharpening strategic tool use capabilities of LLMs on long-horizon, sparsely-rewarded agent tasks, yet it faces a fundamental challenge of exploration-exploitation trade-off. Existing…

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely integrated into information retrieval to advance traditional techniques. However, effectively enabling LLMs to seek accurate knowledge in complex tasks remains a challenge due to the complexity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Zhengliang Shi , Lingyong Yan , Dawei Yin , Suzan Verberne , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

In an unfamiliar setting, a model-based reinforcement learning agent can be limited by the accuracy of its world model. In this work, we present a novel, training-free approach to improving the performance of such agents separately from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-26 Martin Benfeghoul , Umais Zahid , Qinghai Guo , Zafeirios Fountas

Lane detection is a fundamental task in autonomous driving, and has achieved great progress as deep learning emerges. Previous anchor-based methods often design dense anchors, which highly depend on the training dataset and remain fixed…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-12 Ji Liu , Zifeng Zhang , Mingjie Lu , Hongyang Wei , Dong Li , Yile Xie , Jinzhang Peng , Lu Tian , Ashish Sirasao , Emad Barsoum

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a reliable approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences. Among the plethora of RLHF techniques, proximal policy optimization (PPO) is of the most…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-06 Banghua Zhu , Hiteshi Sharma , Felipe Vieira Frujeri , Shi Dong , Chenguang Zhu , Michael I. Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find a near-optimal policy using pre-collected datasets. In real-world scenarios, data collection could be costly and risky; therefore, offline RL becomes particularly challenging when the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Ruizhe Shi , Yuyao Liu , Yanjie Ze , Simon S. Du , Huazhe Xu

Modern optimizers like Adam and Muon are central to training large language models, but their reliance on first- and second-order momenta introduces significant memory overhead, which constrains scalability and computational efficiency. In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Zhengbo Wang , Jian Liang , Ran He , Zilei Wang , Tieniu Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language tasks requiring complex reasoning, yet their application in agentic, multi-step reasoning within interactive environments remains a difficult challenge.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-15 Pranav Putta , Edmund Mills , Naman Garg , Sumeet Motwani , Chelsea Finn , Divyansh Garg , Rafael Rafailov

Empowerment has the potential to help agents learn large skillsets, but is not yet a scalable solution for training general-purpose agents. Recent empowerment methods learn diverse skillsets by maximizing the mutual information between…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Andrew Levy , Alessandro Allievi , George Konidaris

Using learned reward functions (LRFs) as a means to solve sparse-reward reinforcement learning (RL) tasks has yielded some steady progress in task-complexity through the years. In this work, we question whether today's LRFs are best-suited…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-24 Ademi Adeniji , Amber Xie , Carmelo Sferrazza , Younggyo Seo , Stephen James , Pieter Abbeel

One effective approach for equipping artificial agents with sensorimotor skills is to use self-exploration. To do this efficiently is critical, as time and data collection are costly. In this study, we propose an exploration mechanism that…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-02-18 Melisa Sener , Yukie Nagai , Erhan Oztop , Emre Ugur

Reward Models (RMs) are crucial to aligning large language models (LLMs), but the degree to which an RM specialized to one task (e.g. writing) generalizes to new tasks (e.g. math) is often not known a priori, often making using only one…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Duy Nguyen , Archiki Prasad , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Recent studies have explored integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with search engines to leverage both the LLMs' internal pre-trained knowledge and external information. Specially, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Lang Mei , Zhihan Yang , Xiaohan Yu , Huanyao Zhang , Chong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in language processing, yet they often struggle with tasks requiring genuine visual spatial reasoning. In this paper, we introduce a novel two-stage training framework…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Alan Dao , Dinh Bach Vu

Automated data preparation is crucial for democratizing machine learning, yet existing reinforcement learning (RL) based approaches suffer from inefficient exploration in the vast space of possible preprocessing pipelines. We present…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Jing Chang , Chang Liu , Jinbin Huang , Rui Mao , Jianbin Qin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge, yet traditional single-round retrieval struggles with complex multi-step reasoning. Agentic RAG addresses this by enabling LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Tianle Xia , Ming Xu , Lingxiang Hu , Yiding Sun , Wenwei Li , Linfang Shang , Liqun Liu , Peng Shu , Huan Yu , Jie Jiang