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Reinforcement learning enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models but often involves high computational costs due to rollout-intensive optimization. Online prompt selection presents a plausible solution by prioritizing…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Yun Qu , Qi Wang , Yixiu Mao , Heming Zou , Yuhang Jiang , Weijie Liu , Clive Bai , Kai Yang , Yangkun Chen , Saiyong Yang , Xiangyang Ji

Scaling deep learning recommendation models is an effective way to improve model expressiveness. Existing approaches often incur substantial computational overhead, making them difficult to deploy in large-scale industrial systems under…

Local search is a basic building block in memetic algorithms. Guided Local Search (GLS) can improve the efficiency of local search. By changing the guide function, GLS guides a local search to escape from locally optimal solutions and find…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-09-25 Jialong Shi , Qingfu Zhang , Edward Tsang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive capabilities, yet ensuring their safety against harmful prompts remains a critical challenge. Recent work has revealed that the latent representations (embeddings) of harmful and safe…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Xu Zhao , Xiting Wang , Weiran Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in memorizing vast amounts of knowledge across diverse domains. However, the ability to selectively forget specific knowledge is critical for ensuring the safety and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Zhijie Deng , Chris Yuhao Liu , Zirui Pang , Xinlei He , Lei Feng , Qi Xuan , Zhaowei Zhu , Jiaheng Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great capabilities in various tasks but also exhibited memorization of training data, raising tremendous privacy and copyright concerns. While prior works have studied memorization during…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-26 Shenglai Zeng , Yaxin Li , Jie Ren , Yiding Liu , Han Xu , Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jiliang Tang , Dawei Yin

State space models have shown to be effective at modeling long range dependencies, specially on sequence classification tasks. In this work we focus on autoregressive sequence modeling over English books, Github source code and ArXiv…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-05 Harsh Mehta , Ankit Gupta , Ashok Cutkosky , Behnam Neyshabur

Representation steering offers a lightweight mechanism for controlling the behavior of large language models (LLMs) by intervening on internal activations at inference time. Most existing methods rely on a single global steering direction,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Laziz U. Abdullaev , Noelle Y. L. Wong , Ryan T. Z. Lee , Shiqi Jiang , Khoi N. M. Nguyen , Tan M. Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in various real-world scenarios due to their excellent generalization capabilities and robust generative abilities. However, they exhibit position bias, also known as "lost in the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Yijiong Yu , Huiqiang Jiang , Xufang Luo , Qianhui Wu , Chin-Yew Lin , Dongsheng Li , Yuqing Yang , Yongfeng Huang , Lili Qiu

Modern large language models (LLMs) are typically secured by auditing data, prompts, and refusal policies, while treating the forward pass as an implementation detail. We show that intermediate activations in decoder-only LLMs form a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Zhiyuan Xu , Stanislav Abaimov , Joseph Gardiner , Sana Belguith

We investigate how Large Language Models (LLMs) distinguish between memorization and generalization at the neuron level. Through carefully designed tasks, we identify distinct neuron subsets responsible for each behavior. Experiments on…

Large language models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant interest. With in-context learning, LLMs achieve impressive results in various natural language tasks. However, the application of LLMs to sentence embeddings remains an area…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-01 Ting Jiang , Shaohan Huang , Zhongzhi Luan , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved remarkable results in complex multi-step tasks, such as mathematical reasoning and agentic software engineering. However, they often struggle to maintain consistent performance across…

Automated Short Answer Scoring (ASAS) is a critical component in educational assessment. While traditional ASAS systems relied on rule-based algorithms or complex deep learning methods, recent advancements in Generative Language Models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Zifan Wang , Christopher Ormerod

Reinforcement learning faces significant challenges when applied to tasks characterized by sparse reward structures. Although imitation learning, within the domain of supervised learning, offers faster convergence, it relies heavily on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Zeqiang Zhang , Fabian Wurzberger , Gerrit Schmid , Sebastian Gottwald , Daniel A. Braun

The quadratic complexity of attention imposes severe memory and computational bottlenecks on Large Language Model (LLM) inference. This challenge is particularly acute for emerging agentic applications that require processing multi-million…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Ceyu Xu , Jiangnan Yu , Yongji Wu , Yuan Xie

General-purpose embedding models have demonstrated strong performance in text retrieval but remain suboptimal for table retrieval, where highly structured content leads to semantic compression and query-table mismatch. Recent LLM-based…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Tsung-Hsiang Chou , Chen-Jui Yu , Shui-Hsiang Hsu , Yao-Chung Fan

Embedding-based retrieval models have made significant strides in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques for text and multimodal large language models (LLMs) applications. However, when it comes to speech larage language models…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-12-11 Chunyu Sun , Bingyu Liu , Zhichao Cui , Junhan Shi , Anbin Qi , Tian-hao Zhang , Dinghao Zhou , Lewei Lu

The pretrained large language models (LLMs) are finetuned with labeled data for better instruction following ability and alignment with human values. In this paper, we study the learning dynamics of LLM finetuning on reasoning tasks and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Zhiwen Ruan , Yun Chen , Yutao Hou , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Large-language models (LLMs) have been shown to respond in a variety of ways for classification tasks outside of question-answering. LLM responses are sometimes called "hallucinations" since the output is not what is ex pected. Memorization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 John E. Ortega , Dhruv D. Joshi , Matt P. Borkowski
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