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Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance across various natural language processing tasks. Serving LLM inference for generating long contents, however, poses a challenge due to the enormous memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 Wonbeom Lee , Jungi Lee , Junghwan Seo , Jaewoong Sim

Transformers have emerged as the underpinning architecture for Large Language Models (LLMs). In generative language models, the inference process involves two primary phases: prompt processing and token generation. Token generation, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Muhammad Adnan , Akhil Arunkumar , Gaurav Jain , Prashant J. Nair , Ilya Soloveychik , Purushotham Kamath

Despite rapid progress in autoregressive video diffusion, an emerging system algorithm bottleneck limits both deployability and generation capability: KV cache memory. In autoregressive video generation models, the KV cache grows with…

Despite the significant success of large language models (LLMs), their extensive memory requirements pose challenges for deploying them in long-context token generation. The substantial memory footprint of LLM decoders arises from the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-12 Amir Zandieh , Insu Han , Vahab Mirrokni , Amin Karbasi

The need for medical image encryption is increasingly pronounced, for example to safeguard the privacy of the patients' medical imaging data. In this paper, a novel deep learning-based key generation network (DeepKeyGen) is proposed as a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-12-22 Yi Ding , Fuyuan Tan , Zhen Qin , Mingsheng Cao , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Zhiguang Qin

The wide deployment of the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) has raised privacy concerns for both clients and servers. While cryptographic primitives can be employed for secure GPT inference to protect the privacy of both parties,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Zhengyi Li , Yue Guan , Kang Yang , Yu Feng , Ning Liu , Yu Yu , Jingwen Leng , Minyi Guo

In this study, we introduce adaptive KV cache compression, a plug-and-play method that reduces the memory footprint of generative inference for Large Language Models (LLMs). Different from the conventional KV cache that retains key and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Suyu Ge , Yunan Zhang , Liyuan Liu , Minjia Zhang , Jiawei Han , Jianfeng Gao

We introduce ResGen, an efficient Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ)-based generative model for high-fidelity generation with fast sampling. RVQ improves data fidelity by increasing the number of quantization steps, referred to as depth,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Jaehyeon Kim , Taehong Moon , Keon Lee , Jaewoong Cho

As large language models (LLMs) take on complex tasks, their inputs are supplemented with longer contexts that incorporate domain knowledge. Yet using long contexts is challenging, as nothing can be generated until the whole context is…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale in size and context length, the memory requirements of the key value (KV) cache have emerged as a major bottleneck during autoregressive decoding. The KV cache grows with sequence length and embedding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Sourjya Roy , Shrihari Sridharan , Surya Selvam , Anand Raghunathan

Global KV-cache sharing is an effective optimization for accelerating large language model (LLM) inference, yet it introduces an API-visible timing side channel that lets adversaries infer sensitive user inputs from shared entries, leading…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Kexin Chu , Zecheng Lin , Dawei Xiang , Zixu Shen , Jianchang Su , Cheng Chu , Yiwei Yang , Wenhui Zhang , Wenfei Wu , Wei Zhang

Billions of text analysis requests containing private emails, personal text messages, and sensitive online reviews, are processed by recurrent neural networks (RNNs) deployed on public clouds every day. Although prior secure networks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-13 Bo Feng , Qian Lou , Lei Jiang , Geoffrey C. Fox

Recent large language models (LLMs) are rapidly extending their context windows, yet inference throughput lags due to increasing GPU memory and bandwidth demands. This is because the key-value (KV) cache, an intermediate structure storing…

Sequential data is everywhere, and it can serve as a basis for research that will lead to improved processes. For example, road infrastructure can be improved by identifying bottlenecks in GPS data, or early diagnosis can be improved by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-02-25 Sigal Shaked , Lior Rokach

Key-value (KV) caching has become the de-facto to accelerate generation speed for large language models (LLMs) inference. However, the growing cache demand with increasing sequence length has transformed LLM inference to be a memory bound…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Hao Kang , Qingru Zhang , Souvik Kundu , Geonhwa Jeong , Zaoxing Liu , Tushar Krishna , Tuo Zhao

The Key-Value (KV) cache, which stores intermediate attention computations (Key and Value pairs) to avoid redundant calculations, is a fundamental mechanism for accelerating Large Language Model (LLM) inference. However, this efficiency…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Zhifan Luo , Shuo Shao , Su Zhang , Lijing Zhou , Yuke Hu , Chenxu Zhao , Zhihao Liu , Zhan Qin

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) rely on bidirectional attention, which prevents lossless KV caching and requires a full forward pass at every denoising step. Existing approximate KV caching methods reduce this cost by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Minsoo Cheong , Donghyun Son , Woosang Lim , Sungjoo Yoo

Through systematic experiments on long-context generation, we observe a damaging failure mode in which decoding can collapse into persistent repetition loops. We find that this degeneration is driven by collapsed attention patterns, where a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Dongjie Xu , Hao Wu , Weijie Shi , Yue Cui , Yuanjun Liu , Jiawei Li , Haolun Ma , An Liu , Jia Zhu , Jiajie Xu

Generative large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized multiple domains. Modern LLMs predominantly rely on an autoregressive decoding strategy, which generates output tokens sequentially and employs a key-value cache (KV cache) to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Ye Yu , Yifan Zhou , Yi Chen , Pedro Soto , Wenjie Xiong , Meng Li

We introduce KV-Fold, a simple, training-free long-context inference protocol that treats the key-value (KV) cache as the accumulator in a left fold over sequence chunks. At each step, the model processes the next chunk conditioned on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Alireza Nadali , Patrick Cooper , Ashutosh Trivedi , Alvaro Velasquez
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