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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate accurate and reliable responses that are grounded in retrieved context. However, LLMs often generate inconsistent outputs for semantically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Xujun Peng , Anoop Kumar , Jingyu Wu , Parker Glenn , Daben Liu

Training large language models (LLMs) typically involves pre-training on massive corpora, only to restart the process entirely when new data becomes available. A more efficient and resource-conserving approach would be continual…

Continual learning for large language models is typically evaluated through accuracy retention under sequential fine-tuning. We argue that this perspective is incomplete, because uncertainty reliability can degrade earlier and more sharply…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) enhances reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) but usually exhibits limited generation diversity due to the over-incentivization of positive rewards. Although methods like Negative…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Zihan Lin , Xiaohan Wang , Jie Cao , Jiajun Chai , Li Wang , Xiaodong Lu , Wei Lin , Ran He , Guojun Yin

Recent studies emphasize that manually ensuring a consistent response style and maintaining high data quality in training sets can significantly improve the performance of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) while reducing the number of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Zhuang Li , Yuncheng Hua , Thuy-Trang Vu , Haolan Zhan , Lizhen Qu , Gholamreza Haffari

In the unsupervised self-evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models, the quality of feedback signals during post-training is pivotal for stable and effective learning. However, existing self-evolution methods predominantly rely on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Yunyao Yu , Zhengxian Wu , Zhuohong Chen , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Xiangwen Deng , Zhifang Liu , Senyuan Shi , Haoqian Wang

Transformer models have established new benchmarks in natural language processing; however, their increasing depth results in substantial growth in parameter counts. While existing recurrent transformer methods address this issue by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Anthony Nguyen , Wenjun Lin

Learning rate configuration is a fundamental aspect of modern deep learning. The prevailing practice of applying a uniform learning rate across all layers overlooks the structural heterogeneity of Transformers, potentially limiting their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Di He , Songjun Tu , Keyu Wang , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu

We primarily focus on the field of large language models (LLMs) for recommendation, which has been actively explored recently and poses a significant challenge in effectively enhancing recommender systems with logical reasoning abilities…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Jiachen Zhu , Jianghao Lin , Xinyi Dai , Bo Chen , Rong Shan , Jieming Zhu , Ruiming Tang , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in natural language processing but face catastrophic forgetting when learning new tasks, where adaptation to a new domain leads to a substantial decline in performance on previous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Yuheng Lu , Bingshuo Qian , Caixia Yuan , Huixing Jiang , Xiaojie Wang

Post-training of Large Language Models (LMs) often prioritizes accuracy and helpfulness at the expense of diversity. This creates a tension: while post-training improves response quality, it also sharpens output distributions and reduces…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Tianjian Li , Yiming Zhang , Ping Yu , Swarnadeep Saha , Daniel Khashabi , Jason Weston , Jack Lanchantin , Tianlu Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a popular method for post-training large language models (LLMs). While improving the model's performance on downstream tasks, it often reduces the model's output diversity, leading to narrow,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yilei Chen , Souradip Chakraborty , Lorenz Wolf , Yannis Paschalidis , Aldo Pacchiano

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale in size, the computational overhead has become a major bottleneck for task-specific fine-tuning. While low-rank adaptation (LoRA) effectively curtails this cost by confining the weight…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Yilang Zhang , Xiaodong Yang , Yiwei Cai , Georgios B. Giannakis

To enhance the reproducibility and reliability of deep learning models, we address a critical gap in current training methodologies: the lack of mechanisms that ensure consistent and robust performance across runs. Our empirical analysis…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Waqas Ahmed , Sheeba Samuel , Kevin Coakley , Birgitta Koenig-Ries , Odd Erik Gundersen

Recent work has shown that layer pruning can effectively compress large language models (LLMs) while retaining strong performance on classification benchmarks, often with little or no finetuning. In contrast, generative reasoning tasks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Safal Shrestha , Anubhav Shrestha , Aadim Nepal , Minwu Kim , Keith Ross

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance through pretraining on extensive data. This enables efficient adaptation to diverse downstream tasks. However, the lack of interpretability in their underlying mechanisms limits…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Xintong Wang , Jingheng Pan , Liang Ding , Longyue Wang , Longqin Jiang , Xingshan Li , Chris Biemann

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, yet recent findings reveal that their deeper layers often contribute minimally and can be pruned without affecting overall performance. While some view this as an opportunity…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Pengxiang Li , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown very impressive capabilities in code generation across many programming languages. However, even state-of-the-art LLMs generate programs that contains syntactic errors and fail…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 David Jiahao Fu , Aryan Gupta , Aaron Councilman , David Grove , Yu-Xiong Wang , Vikram Adve

In recent years, dense retrieval has been the focus of information retrieval (IR) research. While effective, dense retrieval produces uninterpretable dense vectors, and suffers from the drawback of large index size. Learned sparse retrieval…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Zhichao Xu , Aosong Feng , Yijun Tian , Haibo Ding , Lin Lee Cheong

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) traditionally assumes known domains, but adding data from a new domain raises concerns about computational inefficiencies linked to retraining models on both existing and new domains. Fine-tuning solely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Devang Kulshreshtha , Saket Dingliwal , Brady Houston , Nikolaos Pappas , Srikanth Ronanki