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Prompt injection attacks are an emerging threat to large language models (LLMs), enabling malicious users to manipulate outputs through carefully designed inputs. Existing detection approaches often require centralizing prompt data,…

Contextual word representations generated by language models (LMs) learn spurious associations present in the training corpora. Recent findings reveal that adversaries can exploit these associations to reverse-engineer the private…

Data privacy has emerged as an important issue as data-driven deep learning has been an essential component of modern machine learning systems. For instance, there could be a potential privacy risk of machine learning systems via the model…

Neural network-based image classifiers are powerful tools for computer vision tasks, but they inadvertently reveal sensitive attribute information about their classes, raising concerns about their privacy. To investigate this privacy…

We quantitatively investigate how machine learning models leak information about the individual data records on which they were trained. We focus on the basic membership inference attack: given a data record and black-box access to a model,…

The rapid evolution of machine learning (ML) has led to the widespread adoption of complex "black box" models, such as deep neural networks and ensemble methods. These models exhibit exceptional predictive performance, making them…

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are widely used to assess the privacy risks associated with machine learning models. However, when these attacks are applied to pre-trained large language models (LLMs), they encounter significant…

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a popular topic modeling technique for discovery of hidden semantic architecture of text datasets, and plays a fundamental role in many machine learning applications. However, like many other machine…

Similar to other machine learning frameworks, Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) is shown to be vulnerable to poisoning attacks, due to its reliance on externally sourced datasets, a vulnerability that is exacerbated by its sequential…

Machine learning is a field of artificial intelligence (AI) that is becoming essential for several critical systems, making it a good target for threat actors. Threat actors exploit different Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs)…

We study the question of how well machine learning (ML) models trained on a certain data set provide privacy for the training data, or equivalently, whether it is possible to reverse-engineer the training data from a given ML model. While…

In collaborative learning, clients keep their data private and communicate only the computed gradients of the deep neural network being trained on their local data. Several recent attacks show that one can still extract private information…

A recently proposed scheme utilizing local noise addition and matrix masking enables data collection while protecting individual privacy from all parties, including the central data manager. Statistical analysis of such privacy-preserved…

Recent research shows that large language models are susceptible to privacy attacks that infer aspects of the training data. However, it is unclear if simpler generative models, like topic models, share similar vulnerabilities. In this…

Deep Neural Network (DNN), one of the most powerful machine learning algorithms, is increasingly leveraged to overcome the bottleneck of effectively exploring and analyzing massive data to boost advanced scientific development. It is not a…

The stochastic nature of renewable energy and load demand requires efficient and accurate solutions for probabilistic optimal power flow (OPF). Quantum neural networks (QNNs), which combine quantum computing and machine learning, offer…

Machine learning (ML) has been widely adopted in various privacy-critical applications, e.g., face recognition and medical image analysis. However, recent research has shown that ML models are vulnerable to attacks against their training…

When applying machine learning to sensitive data, one has to find a balance between accuracy, information security, and computational-complexity. Recent studies combined Homomorphic Encryption with neural networks to make inferences while…

Regression models, which are widely used from engineering applications to financial forecasting, are vulnerable to targeted malicious attacks such as training data poisoning, through which adversaries can manipulate their predictions.…

Most machine learning (ML) models are developed for prediction only; offering no option for causal interpretation of their predictions or parameters/properties. This can hamper the health systems' ability to employ ML models in clinical…