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LLM fairness should be evaluated through in-situ conversational behavior rather than standardized-test Q&A benchmarks. We show that the standardized-test paradigm can be structurally unreliable: surface-level prompt construction choices,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Zeyu Tang , Sang T. Truong , Deonna Owens , Shreyas Sharma , Yibo Jacky Zhang , Brando Miranda , Sanmi Koyejo

Recent work has sought to quantify large language model uncertainty to facilitate model control and modulate user trust. Previous works focus on measures of uncertainty that are theoretically grounded or reflect the average overt behavior…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Kyle Moore , Jesse Roberts , Daryl Watson , Pamela Wisniewski

Emergent Misalignment refers to a failure mode in which fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on narrowly scoped data induces broadly misaligned behavior. Prior explanations mainly attribute this phenomenon to the generalization of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yanghao Su , Wenbo Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Qiu Han , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Jie Zhang

The conformity effect describes the tendency of individuals to align their responses with the majority. Studying this bias in large language models (LLMs) is crucial, as LLMs are increasingly used in various information-seeking and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xiaochen Zhu , Caiqi Zhang , Tom Stafford , Nigel Collier , Andreas Vlachos

Large language models (LLMs) often produce confident but incorrect answers in settings where abstention would be safer. Standard evaluation protocols, however, require a response and do not account for how confidence should guide decisions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Sean Wu , Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Edward Phillips , Boyan Gao , Anshul Thakur , David A. Clifton

The text produced by language models (LMs) can exhibit specific `behaviors,' such as a failure to follow alignment training, that we hope to detect and react to during deployment. Identifying these behaviors can often only be done post…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Dhananjay Ashok , Jonathan May

While advances in fairness and alignment have helped mitigate overt biases exhibited by large language models (LLMs) when explicitly prompted, we hypothesize that these models may still exhibit implicit biases when simulating human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Yuxuan Li , Hirokazu Shirado , Sauvik Das

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly examined as both behavioral subjects and decision systems, yet it remains unclear whether observed cognitive biases reflect surface imitation or deeper probability shifts. Anchoring bias, a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Felipe Valencia-Clavijo

Activation-based steering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to exhibit targeted behaviors by intervening on intermediate activations without retraining. Despite its widespread use, the mechanistic factors that govern when steering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Mehdi Jafari , Hao Xue , Flora Salim

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in multi-agent and safety-critical settings, raising open questions about how their vulnerabilities scale when models interact adversarially. This study examines whether larger models can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Samuel Nathanson , Rebecca Williams , Cynthia Matuszek

As large language models (LLMs) appear to behave increasingly human-like in text-based interactions, more and more researchers become interested in investigating personality in LLMs. However, the diversity of psychological personality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Zhiyuan Wen , Yu Yang , Jiannong Cao , Haoming Sun , Ruosong Yang , Shuaiqi Liu

Human users increasingly communicate with large language models (LLMs), but LLMs suffer from frequent overconfidence in their output, even when its accuracy is questionable, which undermines their trustworthiness and perceived legitimacy.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Dennis Ulmer , Alexandra Lorson , Ivan Titov , Christian Hardmeier

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in decision-making tasks like r\'esum\'e screening and content moderation, giving them the power to amplify or suppress certain perspectives. While previous research has identified…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in human-AI interaction research and practice, yet existing capability and safety benchmarks reveal little about the value priorities these systems express or how those priorities…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Gabriel Rongyang Lau , Wei Yan Low , Seow Min Koh , Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah , Andree Hartanto

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive potential to simulate human behavior. We identify a fundamental challenge in using them to simulate experiments: when LLM-simulated subjects are blind to the experimental design (as is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 George Gui , Olivier Toubia

Latent feature models (LFM)s are widely employed for extracting latent structures of data. While offering high, parameter estimation is difficult with LFMs because of the combinational nature of latent features, and non-identifiability is a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-09-27 Ryota Suzuki , Shingo Takahashi , Murtuza Petladwala , Shigeru Kohmoto

As large language models (LLMs) are deployed in high-stakes domains like healthcare, understanding how well their decision-making aligns with human preferences and values becomes crucial, especially when we recognize that there is no single…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Isaac Kohane

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed on long-horizon tasks in partially observable environments, where they must act while inferring and tracking a complex environment state over many steps. This leads to two challenges:…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly employed in information-seeking and decision-making tasks. Despite their broad utility, LLMs tend to generate information that conflicts with real-world facts, and their persuasive style can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-19 Arslan Chaudhry , Sridhar Thiagarajan , Dilan Gorur

Current human-AI alignment and evaluation methods for large language models (LLMs) often rely on preference signals collected immediately after an interaction. This practice implicitly treats preference as static, even though many…